Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28983119›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2017

The GBAP1 pseudogene acts as a ceRNA for the glucocerebrosidase gene GBA by sponging miR-22-3p.

Letizia Straniero, Valeria Rimoldi, Maura Samarani, Stefano Goldwurm, Alessio Di Fonzo, Rejko Krüger, Michela Deleidi, Massimo Aureli, Giulia Soldà, Stefano Duga and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Unlocking Parkinson's disease: the role of microRNAs in regulation, diagnosis, and therapy.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Letizia StranieroDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, 20090, Italy.
Valeria RimoldiHumanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, 20089, Italy.
Maura SamaraniDipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
Stefano GoldwurmParkinson Institute, ASST "Gaetano Pini-CTO", Milan, Italy.
Alessio Di FonzoIRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6478-026X
Rejko KrügerClinical and Experimental Neuroscience, Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg and Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Michela DeleidiGerman Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Tübingen within the Helmholtz Association, Tübingen, Germany; Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Massimo AureliDipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
Giulia SoldàDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, 20090, Italy. giulia.solda@hunimed.eu.ORCID 0000-0003-0972-610X
Stefano DugaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, 20090, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3457-1410
Rosanna AsseltaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, 20090, Italy.
Humanitas University · ITUniversity of Milan · ITCentre Hospitalier de Luxembourg · LUGerman Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases · DEIstituto Ortopedico Gaetano Pini · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mutations in the GBA gene, encoding lysosomal glucocerebrosidase, represent the major predisposing factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), and modulation of the glucocerebrosidase activity is an emerging PD therapy. However, little is known about mechanisms regulating GBA expression. We explored the existence of a regulatory network involving GBA, its expressed pseudogene GBAP1, and microRNAs. The high level of sequence identity between GBA and GBAP1 makes the pseudogene a promising competing-endogenous RNA (ceRNA), functioning as a microRNA sponge. After selecting microRNAs potentially targeting both transcripts, we demonstrated that miR-22-3p binds to and down-regulates GBA and GBAP1, and decreases their endogenous mRNA levels up to 70%. Moreover, over-expression of GBAP1 3'-untranslated region was able to sequester miR-22-3p, thus increasing GBA mRNA and glucocerebrosidase levels. The characterization of GBAP1 splicing identified multiple out-of-frame isoforms down-regulated by the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, suggesting that GBAP1 levels and, accordingly, its ceRNA effect, are significantly modulated by this degradation process. Using skin-derived induced pluripotent stem cells of PD patients with GBA mutations and controls, we observed a significant GBA up-regulation during dopaminergic differentiation, paralleled by down-regulation of miR-22-3p. Our results describe the first microRNA controlling GBA and suggest that the GBAP1 non-coding RNA functions as a GBA ceRNA.

Indexed as

Cell DifferentiationCodon, NonsenseFemaleGene Expression RegulationGene Regulatory NetworksGlucosylceramidaseHeLa CellsHumansInduced Pluripotent Stem CellsMaleMicroRNAsParkinson DiseasePseudogenesRNARNA SplicingRNA StabilityCodon, NonsenseGlucosylceramidaseMicroRNAsMIRN22 microRNA, humanRNA

Identifiers

PMID28983119
PMCPMC5629250
OpenAlexW2757377146

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.