Trial reportJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)2017
Effects of exercise training on calf muscle oxygen extraction and blood flow in patients with peripheral artery disease.
Trial report in Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physiological Mechanisms Driving Microcirculatory Enhancement: the Impact of Physical Activity.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of exercise intervention reporting quality and dose in studies of intermittent claudication.Vascular · 2023Pooled it
- Network Meta-Analysis Comparing the Outcomes of Treatments for Intermittent Claudication Tested in Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Combined Aerobic and Resistance Exercise in Walking Performance of Patients With Intermittent Claudication: Systematic Review.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Pooled it
- Microvascular Function and Ambulatory Capacity in Peripheral Artery Disease.Circulation. Cardiovascular interventions · 2025Trial
- Impact of supervised exercise on skeletal muscle blood flow and vascular function measured with MRI in patients with peripheral artery disease.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2022Trial
- Impact of continuous vs. interval training on oxygen extraction and cardiac function during exercise in type 2 diabetes mellitus.European journal of applied physiology · 2022Trial
- Determinants of skeletal muscle oxygen consumption assessed by near-infrared diffuse correlation spectroscopy during incremental handgrip exercise.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2019Trial
- Microvascular dysfunction in chronic kidney disease: A feasibility study.Clinical physiology and functional imaging · 2026Article
- Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in the Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Exercise-Based Management of Muscle Oxygenation Impairment.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- An injectable self-healing curcumin-sustained-release hydrogel for lower limb ischemia via autophagy inhibition byRegenerative biomaterials · 2026Article
- Comparison of diffuse correlation spectroscopy, interferometric diffusing wave spectroscopy, and speckle contrast optical spectroscopy for blood flow monitoring.Neurophotonics · 2025Article
- Article
- Effects of Supervised Exercise Therapy on Muscle Function During Walking in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A personalized clinical assessment: multi-sensor approach for understanding musculoskeletal health in the frail population.Biomedical engineering online · 2024Article
- Novel techniques for quantifying oxygen pulse curve characteristics during cardiopulmonary exercise testing in tetralogy of fallot.International journal of cardiology. Congenital heart disease · 2024Article
- A portable optical pulsatile flowmetry demonstrates strong clinical relevance for diabetic foot perfusion assessment.APL bioengineering · 2024Article
- Muscle reoxygenation is slower after higher cycling intensity, and is faster and more reliable in locomotor than in accessory muscle sites.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- A Narrative Review on Multi-Domain Instrumental Approaches to Evaluate Neuromotor Function in Rehabilitation.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We employed near-infrared optical techniques, diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS), and frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) to test the hypothesis that supervised exercise training increases skeletal muscle microvascular blood flow and oxygen extraction in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) who experience claudication. PAD patients ( n = 64) were randomly assigned to exercise and control groups. Patients in the exercise group received 3 mo of supervised exercise training. Calf muscle blood flow and oxygen extraction were optically monitored before, during, and after performance of a graded treadmill protocol at baseline and at 3 mo in both groups. Additionally, measurements of the ankle-brachial index (ABI) and peak walking time (PWT) to maximal claudication were made during each patient visit. Supervised exercise training was found to increase the maximal calf muscle blood flow and oxygen extraction levels during treadmill exercise by 29% (13%, 50%) and 8% (1%, 12%), respectively [ P < 0.001; median (25th percentile, 75th percentile)]. These improvements across the exercise group population were significantly higher than corresponding changes in the control group ( P < 0.004). Exercise training also increased PWT by 49% (18%, 101%) ( P = 0.01). However, within statistical error, the ABI, resting calf muscle blood flow and oxygen extraction, and the recovery half-time for hemoglobin\myoglobin desaturation following cessation of maximal exercise were not altered by exercise training. The concurrent monitoring of both blood flow and oxygen extraction with the hybrid DCS/FD-NIRS instrument revealed enhanced muscle oxidative metabolism during physical activity from exercise training, which could be an underlying mechanism for the observed improvement in PWT. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We report on noninvasive optical measurements of skeletal muscle blood flow and oxygen extraction dynamics before/during/after treadmill exercise in peripheral artery disease patients who experience claudication. The measurements tracked the effects of a 3-mo supervised exercise training protocol and revealed that supervised exercise training improved patient ability to increase microvascular calf muscle blood flow and oxygen extraction during physical activity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.