ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2017
Increased Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase and Quinolinic Acid Expression in Microglia and Müller Cells of Diabetic Human and Rodent Retina.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of diabetes on microglial physiology: a systematic review of in vitro, preclinical and clinical studies.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Pooled it
- Tryptophan metabolism in glaucomatous optic neuropathy: from metabolic dysregulation to therapeutic opportunities.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- The CD39-CD73-adenosine axis: a pivotal regulator of retinal homeostasis and diseases.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Clinical Significance of Serum CCR2 and IDO1 in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- Diagnostic efficiency of pan-immune-inflammation value to predict diabetic macular edema and its relationship with OCT-based biomarkers of inflammation.International ophthalmology · 2025Observational
- Article
- Neuroactive Kynurenine Metabolite Alterations Unveil Novel Association to Locomotor Deterioration in Diabetic Neuropathy.International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR · 2025Article
- The Connection Between the Oral Microbiota and the Kynurenine Pathway: Insights into Oral and Certain Systemic Disorders.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Microglia in retinal angiogenesis and diabetic retinopathy.Angiogenesis · 2024Review
- AhR and CYP1B1 Control Oxygen Effects on Bone Marrow Progenitor Cells: The Enrichment of Multiple Olfactory Receptors as Potential Microbiome Sensors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Glial, Neuronal, Vascular, Retinal Pigment Epithelium, and Inflammatory Cell Damage in a New Western Diet-Induced Primate Model of Diabetic Retinopathy.The American journal of pathology · 2023Article
- IDO1 and inflammatory neovascularization: bringing new blood to tumor-promoting inflammation.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Synergistic effect of endurance training and nettle leaf extract on the IDO1-KYN-AHR pathway homeostasis and inhibiting of liver toxicity in rats with STZ-induced diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Microglia: The breakthrough to treat neovascularization and repair blood-retinal barrier in retinopathy.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Review
- CD73 controls ocular adenosine levels and protects retina from light-induced phototoxicity.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Article
- Abnormal Activation of Tryptophan-Kynurenine Pathway in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- The Organ of Vision and the Stomatognathic System-Review of Association Studies and Evidence-Based Discussion.Brain sciences · 2021Review
- Association of serum kynurenine/tryptophan ratio with poor glycemic control in patients with type2 diabetes.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2021Article
- The innate immune system in diabetic retinopathy.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2021Review
- The Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Approaches of Diabetic Neuropathy in the Retina.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose: We investigated the relationship between inflammation, neuronal loss, and expression of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) and quinolinic acid (QUIN) in the retina of subjects with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) and in the retina of rats with T1D. Methods: Retinas from T1D (n = 7), T2D (n = 13), and 20 age-matched nondiabetic human donors and from T1D (n = 3) and control rats (n = 3) were examined using immunohistochemistry for IDO, QUIN, cluster of differentiation 39 (CD39), ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule (Iba-1, for macrophages and microglia), Vimentin (VIM; for Müller cells), neuronal nuclei (NeuN; for neurons), and UEA1 lectin (for blood vessels). Results: Based on morphologic criteria, CD39+/ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1(Iba-1+) resident microglia and CD39-/Iba-1+ bone marrow-derived macrophages were present at higher density in T1D (13% increase) and T2D (26% increase) human retinas when compared with controls. The density and brightness of IDO+ microglia were increased in both T1D and T2D human retinas. The intensity of QUIN+ expression on CD39+ microglia and VIM+ Müller cells was greatly increased in both human T1D and T2D retinas. T1D retinas showed a 63% loss of NeuN+ neurons and T2D retinas lost approximately 43% when compared with nondiabetic human retinas. Few QUIN+ microglia-like cells were seen in nondiabetic retinas, but the numbers increased 18-fold in T1D and 7-fold in T2D in the central retina. In T1D rat retinas, the density of IDO+ microglia increased 2.8-fold and brightness increased 2.1-fold when compared with controls. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that IDO and QUIN expression in the retinas of diabetic rats and humans could contribute to the neuronal degeneration that is characteristic of diabetic retinopathy.
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