ArticleThe open orthopaedics journal2017
HIV Infection and Bone Abnormalities.
Article in The open orthopaedics journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Sarcopenia in people living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of DRG/3TC for Prophylaxis of HIV Perinatal Transmission: A Pilot Study (PREGNANCY).Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Role of Cytokines in Bone Diseases and Their Therapeutic Application.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2026Review
- Combined effects of low temperature, hyperosmolarity and seawater-conditioned pathogens on open fracture healing in a rat model simulating circumpolar environments.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Phenotypic Characterisation of Bone Marrow-Derived Haematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells from HIV-Infected Individuals.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2025Article
- The impact of HIV infection on skeletal maturity in peripubertal children in Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Article
- HIV-Associated Conditions in Older Adults.Cureus · 2022Review
- Article
- Evaluation of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Treatment in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B.Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2022Article
- Negative correlation between bone mineral density and subclinical fractures in patients with human immunodeficiency virus.The Journal of international medical research · 2021Article
- Chinese Herbal Medicine Usage Reduces Overall Mortality in HIV-Infected Patients With Osteoporosis or Fractures.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Evolution of Drug Interactions With Antiretroviral Medication in People With HIV.Open forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Loss of Preexisting Immunological Memory Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Women Despite Immune Reconstitution With Antiretroviral Therapy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Observational
- Controversial Effects of Vitamin D and Related Genes on Viral Infections, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Outcomes.Nutrients · 2020Review
- The Regulation of Marrow Fat by Vitamin D: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.Current osteoporosis reports · 2019Review
- Drug-induced osteoporosis/osteomalacia: analysis in the French and Spanish pharmacovigilance databases.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2019Article
- Bone Deleterious Effects of Different NRTIs in Treatment-naïve HIV Patients After 12 and 48 Weeks of Treatment.Current HIV researchArticle
- Negative Lifestyle Factors Specific to Aging Persons Living with HIV and Multimorbidity.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
More than 36 million people are living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection worldwide and 50% of them have access to antiretroviral therapy (ART). While recent advances in HIV therapy have reduced the viral load, restored CD4 T cell counts and decreased opportunistic infections, several bone-related abnormalities such as low bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis, osteopenia, osteomalacia and fractures have emerged in HIV-infected individuals. Of all classes of antiretroviral agents, HIV protease inhibitors used in ART combination showed a higher frequency of osteopenia, osteoporosis and low BMD in HIV-infected patients. Although the mechanisms of HIV and/or ART associated bone abnormalities are not known, it is believed that the damage is caused by a complex interaction of T lymphocytes with osteoclasts and osteoblasts, likely influenced by both HIV and ART. In addition, infection of osteoclasts and bone marrow stromal cells by HIV, including HIV Gp120 induced apoptosis of osteoblasts and release of proinflammatory cytokines have been implicated in impairment of bone development and maturation. Several of the newer antiretroviral agents currently used in ART combination, including the widely used tenofovir in different formulations show relative adverse effects on BMD. In this context, switching the HIV-regimen from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) to tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) showed improvement in BMD of HIV-infected patients. In addition, inclusion of integrase inhibitor in ART combination is associated with improved BMD in patients. Furthermore, supplementation of vitamin D and calcium with the initiation of ART may mitigate bone loss. Therefore, levels of vitamin D and calcium should be part of the evaluation of HIV-infected patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.