ArticlePediatrics2017
Immunization, Antibiotic Use, and Pneumococcal Colonization Over a 15-Year Period.
Article in Pediatrics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Antibiotic treatment of acute and recurrent otitis media in children: an Italian intersociety Consensus.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Guideline
- Characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae colonising Cypriot children during a period of high PCV10 and PCV13 vaccine coverage: serotypes and antimicrobial resistance.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Colonization dynamics ofInfection and immunity · 2025Article
- Article
- Development of a multi-year pediatric antibiogram in Georgia identifies antibiotic resistance changes over the past ten years.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2025Article
- The burden of antibiotic resistance of the main microorganisms causing infections in humans - review of the literature.Journal of medicine and life · 2024Review
- Otitis media: recent advances in otitis media vaccine development and model systems.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Association between nasopharyngeal colonization with multiple pneumococcal serotypes and total pneumococcal colonization density in young Peruvian children.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Variability in discharge opioid prescribing practices for children: a historical cohort study.Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie · 2022Article
- Dynamic changes in otopathogens colonizing the nasopharynx and causing acute otitis media in children after 13-valent (PCV13) pneumococcal conjugate vaccination during 2015-2019.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2022Article
- Comparison of specific in-vitro virulence gene expression and innate host response in locally invasive vs colonizer strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2021Article
- Experimental Human Pneumococcal Colonization in Older Adults Is Feasible and Safe, Not Immunogenic.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2021Article
- Longitudinal Colonization With Streptococcus pneumoniae During the First Year of Life in a Healthy Newborn Cohort.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2020Article
- Characteristics of Serotype 3 Invasive Pneumococcal Disease before and after Universal Childhood Immunization with PCV13 in Massachusetts.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Designing ecologically optimized pneumococcal vaccines using population genomics.Nature microbiology · 2020Article
- Panel 8: Vaccines and immunology.International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology · 2020Review
- Factors associated with pneumococcal carriage and density in children and adults in Fiji, using four cross-sectional surveys.PloS one · 2020Article
- [Austrian syndrome: A rare manifestation of invasive pneumococcal disease. A case report and bibliographic review].Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2019Review
- Microbiome as a tool and a target in the effort to address antimicrobial resistance.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
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10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRates of invasive pneumococcal disease have declined since widespread introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in the United States. We evaluated the impact of immunization status and recent antibiotic use on an individual child's risk of colonization.
methodsThis study extends previously reported data from children <7 years of age seen for well child or acute care visits in Massachusetts communities. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected during 6 surveillance seasons from 2000 to 2014. Parent surveys and medical record reviews confirmed immunization status and recent antibiotic use. We estimated the proportions of children colonized with PCV7-included, additional PCV13-included, and non-PCV13 serotypes. Risk factors for colonization with additional PCV13-included and non-PCV13 serotypes were assessed by using generalized linear mixed models adjusted for clustering by community.
resultsAmong 6537 children, 19A emerged as the predominant serotype in 2004, with substantial reductions in 2014. Among non-PCV serotypes, 15B/C, 35B, 23B, 11A, and 23A were most common in 2014. We observed greater odds for both additional PCV13 and non-PCV13 colonization in younger children, those with more child care exposure, and those with a concomitant respiratory tract infection. Adjusted odds for additional PCV13 colonization was lower (odds ratio 0.48 [95% confidence interval 0.31-0.75]) among children up-to-date for PCV13 vaccines. Recent antibiotic use was associated with higher odds of additional PCV13 colonization but substantially lower odds of non-PCV13 colonization.
conclusionsDespite the success of pneumococcal vaccines in reducing colonization and disease due to targeted serotypes, ongoing community-based surveillance will be critical to evaluate the impact of interventions on pneumococcal colonization and disease.
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