ReviewAntioxidants & redox signaling2018
Epigenetics and Trained Immunity.
Review in Antioxidants & redox signaling, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 157 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
157 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 253 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trained innate immunity.Immunologic research · 2021Pooled it
- Polypore mushroom mycelia as an adjunct to COVID-19 vaccination: a randomized clinical trial.BMC immunology · 2026Trial
- Multiple BCG vaccinations for the prevention of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases in type 1 diabetes.Cell reports. Medicine · 2022Trial
- Trained Immunity in Childhood Vaccination.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Review
- Anisotropic Masked Mycobacterium Potentiates Amplified Antitumor Trained Immunity via Spleen Targeting and Myelopoiesis Conversion.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Drugging trained immunity: immunometabolic and epigenetic control of maladaptive inflammatory memory in chronic inflammatory diseases.Immunologic research · 2026Review
- Postbiotics and Paraprobiotics as Next-Generation Gut Microbiome Modulators in Sustainable Aquaculture Health.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Trained immunity: An unexplored component of IBD pathogenesis.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2026Review
- Review
- Reprogramming macrophage metabolism for cardiovascular therapy: From molecular pathways to precision nanomedicine.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Epigenetic reprogramming by BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) vaccination: A novel strategy to reverse immunodeficiency in chronic kidney disease.The Indian journal of medical research · 2026Review
- Epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming of innate immune cells establishes immunological memory in the Schistosomiasis vector snail Biomphalaria glabrata.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- The cell with many faces: lung macrophage plasticity and function in response to environmental and pathogenic insults.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- Review
- Review
- Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Vaccination and the Immune-Brain Axis: Implications for Neuroprotection and Neurodegenerative Disease.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Review
- Potential Non-Specific Benefits of Seasonal Influenza Vaccination: Evidence, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Integrative profiling of transcriptome and H3K27ac modification reveals changes associated with BCG-induced trained immunity in bovine immune cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Fumarate and fumarate hydratase: an immunometabolite regulator of inflammation and diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
97 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
significanceA growing body of clinical and experimental evidence has challenged the traditional understanding that only the adaptive immune system can mount immunological memory. Recent findings describe the adaptive characteristics of the innate immune system, underscored by its ability to remember antecedent foreign encounters and respond in a nonspecific sensitized manner to reinfection. This has been termed trained innate immunity. Although beneficial in the context of recurrent infections, this might actually contribute to chronic immune-mediated diseases, such as atherosclerosis. Recent Advances: In line with its proposed role in sustaining cellular memories, epigenetic reprogramming has emerged as a critical determinant of trained immunity. Recent technological and computational advances that improve unbiased acquisition of epigenomic profiles have significantly enhanced our appreciation for the complexities of chromatin architecture in the contexts of diverse immunological challenges. CRITICAL ISSUES: Key to resolving the distinct chromatin signatures of innate immune memory is a comprehensive understanding of the precise physiological targets of regulatory proteins that recognize, deposit, and remove chemical modifications from chromatin as well as other gene-regulating factors. Drawing from a rapidly expanding compendium of experimental and clinical studies, this review details a current perspective of the epigenetic pathways that support the adapted phenotypes of monocytes and macrophages. FUTURE DIRECTIONS: We explore future strategies that are aimed at exploiting the mechanism of trained immunity to improve the prevention and treatment of infections and immune-mediated chronic disorders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.