ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2017
Fatal Outbreak in Tonkean Macaques Caused by Possibly Novel Orthopoxvirus, Italy, January 2015
Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current Strategies for Selecting Recombinant Orthopoxvirus Proteins for Immunobiological and Diagnostic Applications.Viruses · 2026Review
- Six Cases of Borealpox and Evidence of a Zoonotic Source: Alaska, 2020-2023.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- Conditional T and NK cell antagonism by a giant and highly conserved orthopoxvirus virulence factor.Research square · 2026Article
- Mpox virus (MPXV): comprehensive analysis of pandemic risks, pathophysiology, treatments, and mRNA vaccine development.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Human mpox: global trends, molecular epidemiology and options for vaccination.Pathogens and global health · 2024Review
- Whole genome sequencing of recombinant viruses obtained from co-infection and superinfection of Vero cells with modified vaccinia virus ankara vectored influenza vaccine and a naturally occurring cowpox virus.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Human Monkeypox: A Comprehensive Overview of Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention Strategies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Monkeypox virus emerges from the shadow of its more infamous cousin: family biology matters.Emerging microbes & infections · 2022Review
- Detection of viruses from feces of wild endangered Macaca maura: a potential threat to moor macaque survival and for zoonotic infection.BMC veterinary research · 2022Article
- Monkeypox virus: The changing facets of a zoonotic pathogen.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2022Review
- Genomic Sequencing and Phylogenomics of Cowpox Virus.Viruses · 2022Article
- Comparative Pathology of Zoonotic Orthopoxviruses.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Genomic Sequencing and Analysis of a Novel Human Cowpox Virus With Mosaic Sequences From North America and Old World Orthopoxvirus.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Article
- Buffalopox Virus: An Emerging Virus in Livestock and Humans.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Article
- Molecular Detection and Characterization of the First Cowpox Virus Isolate Derived from a Bank Vole.Viruses · 2019Article
- Article
- Orthopoxvirus Seroprevalence in Cats and Veterinary Personnel in North-Eastern Italy in 2011.Viruses · 2019Article
- Virus detection by transmission electron microscopy: Still useful for diagnosis and a plus for biosafety.Reviews in medical virology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In January 2015, during a 3-week period, 12 captive Tonkean macacques at a sanctuary in Italy died. An orthopoxvirus infection was suspected because of negative-staining electron microscopy results. The diagnosis was confirmed by histology, virus isolation, and molecular analysis performed on different organs from all animals. An epidemiologic investigation was unable to define the infection source in the surrounding area. Trapped rodents were negative by virologic testing, but specific IgG was detected in 27.27% of small rodents and 14.28% of rats. An attenuated live vaccine was administered to the susceptible monkey population, and no adverse reactions were observed; a detectable humoral immune response was induced in most of the vaccinated animals. We performed molecular characterization of the orthopoxvirus isolate by next-generation sequencing. According to the phylogenetic analysis of the 9 conserved genes, the virus could be part of a novel clade, lying between cowpox and ectromelia viruses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.