ArticleMaternal and child health journal2018
Economic Hardship in Childhood: A Neglected Issue in ACE Studies?
Article in Maternal and child health journal, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Childhood antecedents of adult place satisfaction in 22 countries.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Assessing adverse childhood experiences in young refugees: a systematic review of available questionnaires.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Relationship between childhood socioeconomic position and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs): a systematic review.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2019Pooled it
- Stories of Childhood Trauma Experienced by Women Living Houseless: Deconstructing the Concept of Protection.Research in nursing & health · 2026Article
- Article
- Safety Net Programs as Primary Prevention Against Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) in the United States: Natural Experiments with Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- A qualitative study of coping strategies and resilience in the aftermath of childhood adversity in first-episode psychosis.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Rates of Recent Adverse Childhood Experiences Among Indigenous Children.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2024Article
- A Review of Factors that Serve to Protect Pregnant and Post-partum Women from Negative Outcomes Associated with Adverse Childhood Experiences.Maternal and child health journal · 2023Review
- Associations between type of childhood adversities and labour market participation and employment conditions in young adults.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2023Article
- Young children's traumatic stress reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic: The long reach of mothers' adverse childhood experiences.Journal of affective disorders · 2022Article
- Prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences in Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders in Special Education Schools from a Multi-Informant Perspective.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Evidence for Revising the Adverse Childhood Experiences Screening Tool: a Scoping Review.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2022Article
- Clusters of adverse childhood experiences and unmet need for care coordination.Child abuse & neglect · 2021Article
- Severe Housing-Cost Burden and Low-Income Young Children's Exposure to Adverse Experiences: A Cross-Sectional Survey of WIC Participants in Los Angeles County.Maternal and child health journal · 2021Article
- Explaining the Black-White Disparity in Preterm Birth: A Consensus Statement From a Multi-Disciplinary Scientific Work Group Convened by the March of Dimes.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2021Review
- The social ecology of childhood and early life adversity.Pediatric research · 2021Review
- Mortality in the USA, the UK and Other Western Countries, 1989-2015: What Is Wrong With the US?International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation · 2021Article
- Article
- Youth exposure to violence involving a gun: evidence for adverse childhood experience classification.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Objectives Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked with ill-health in adulthood, but ACE literature has focused on family disruption or dysfunction (e.g., child abuse, parental separation), with less attention to economic adversity. We examined whether a mother's economic hardship in childhood (EHC) was associated with women's hardships and health-risk behaviors during/just before pregnancy. Methods We analyzed population-based survey data on 27,102 postpartum California women. EHC included respondents' reports that during childhood they/their families experienced hunger because of inability to afford food or moved because of problems paying rent/mortgage and the frequency of difficulty paying for basic needs. We examined six maternal hardships/behaviors during/just before pregnancy, including four hardships (poverty, food insecurity, homelessness/no regular place to sleep, intimate partner violence) and two behaviors (smoking, binge drinking). Prevalence ratios (PRs) were calculated from sequential logistic regression models estimating associations between EHC (categorized by level of hardship) and each maternal hardship/behavior, first without adjustment, then adjusting for other childhood and current maternal factors, and finally adding family disruption/dysfunction. Results Before adjustment for family disruption/dysfunction, the highest and intermediate EHC levels were associated with each maternal hardship/behavior; after full adjustment, those associations persisted except with smoking. Higher EHC levels generally appeared associated with larger PRs, although confidence intervals overlapped. Conclusions for Policy/Practice These findings link childhood economic hardship with women's hardships, binge drinking, and possibly smoking around the time of pregnancy. Without establishing causality, they support previous research indicating that childhood economic adversity should be considered an ACE.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.