ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2017
Resistin-like molecule β is a bactericidal protein that promotes spatial segregation of the microbiota and the colonic epithelium.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 105 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 168 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Gut mucosal barrier: the frontline of bidirectional regulation of the gut-X axis.Medical review (2021) · 2026Review
- The howler monkey genome provides new insights into the distinctive howling and folivorous adaptations of New World monkeys.Genome biology · 2026Article
- Soybean-Derived Soluble Fiber Enhances Antimicrobial Proteins in the Mouse Small Intestine via a Tuft Cell-Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Axis.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2026Article
- B3GNT7 regulates mucin glycosylation and protects against colitis and infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Review
- Antimicrobial peptides and proteins as rheostats of intestinal homeostasis and immunity.Current opinion in immunology · 2026Review
- UC-associated autoantibodies to αvβ6 inhibit mucosal TGFβ activation and predispose to intestinal inflammation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Epithelial sensing of vitamin A shapes intestinal antimicrobial defense.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Intelectin-2 is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial lectin.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Dietary pectin enhances intestinal antimicrobial protein expression via a tuft cell-ILC2-STAT6 signaling axis.Current research in food science · 2026Article
- Context-dependent roles of resistin-like molecule β in mucosal defense and inflammatory diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Cathelicidin regulates goblet cell mucus secretion and mucus-associated proteins inGut microbes · 2025Article
- Optogenetics-integrated gut organ culture system connects enteric neurons dynamics and gut homeostasis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Neutrophils in Myocardial Infarction.JACC. Basic to translational science · 2025Article
- Resistin-like molecule γ attacks cardiomyocyte membranes and promotes ventricular tachycardia.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Poking holes in the heart's rhythm.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Cross-kingdom dialogs in the gut: Integrating bacterial pathogens, helminths, and microbiota interactions for immune homeostasis.PLoS pathogens · 2025Review
- Novel Antimicrobial Protein Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 Accelerates Skin Wound Healing via Directly Inhibiting Bacteria and Activating Glycolysis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Translational control of innate barrier defense by the gut microbiota.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The mammalian intestine is colonized by trillions of bacteria that perform essential metabolic functions for their hosts. The mutualistic nature of this relationship depends on maintaining spatial segregation between these bacteria and the intestinal epithelial surface. This segregation is achieved in part by the presence of a dense mucus layer at the epithelial surface and by the production of antimicrobial proteins that are secreted by epithelial cells into the mucus layer. Here, we show that resistin-like molecule β (RELMβ) is a bactericidal protein that limits contact between Gram-negative bacteria and the colonic epithelial surface. Mouse and human RELMβ selectively killed Gram-negative bacteria by forming size-selective pores that permeabilized bacterial membranes. In mice lacking RELMβ, Proteobacteria were present in the inner mucus layer and invaded mucosal tissues. Another RELM family member, human resistin, was also bactericidal, suggesting that bactericidal activity is a conserved function of the RELM family. Our findings thus identify the RELM family as a unique family of bactericidal proteins and show that RELMβ promotes host-bacterial mutualism by regulating the spatial segregation between the microbiota and the intestinal epithelium.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.