ReviewFrontiers in immunology2017
Immunologic Insights on the Membrane Proximal External Region: A Major Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Vaccine Target.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Structural basis of membrane engagement and polyreactivity control in HIV-1 MPER broadly neutralizing antibodies.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of CXCR4-using transmitted/founder HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Heterologous immunization modulates B-cell epitope competition between helper peptides and the MPER segment in MPER/liposome vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Under the Radar: Immune Evasion, Pathogenesis and Control of HIV Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Viral glycoprotein-mediated entry and antibody-mediated immunity in HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Review
- Inadequate structural constraint on Fab approach rather than paratope elicitation limits HIV-1 MPER vaccine utility.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Exploring FeLV-Gag-Based VLPs as a New Vaccine Platform-Analysis of Production and Immunogenicity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- An engineered HIV-1 Gag-based VLP displaying high antigen density induces strong antibody-dependent functional immune responses.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
- Enhancing HIV-1 Neutralization by Increasing the Local Concentration of Membrane-Proximal External Region-Directed Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Displaying and delivering viral membrane antigens via WW domain-activated extracellular vesicles.Science advances · 2023Article
- Strategies for HIV-1 suppression through key genes and cell therapy.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- The Curious Case of Earthworms and COVID-19.Biology · 2021Article
- Toll-Like Receptor and Cytokine Responses to Infection with Endogenous and Exogenous Koala Retrovirus, and Vaccination as a Control Strategy.Current issues in molecular biology · 2021Review
- Antibody response against selected epitopes in the HIV-1 envelope gp41 ectodomain contributes to reduce viral burden in HIV-1 infected patients.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Unique genotypic features of HIV-1 C gp41 membrane proximal external region variants during pregnancy relate to mother-to-child transmission via breastfeeding.Journal of clinical pediatrics and neonatology · 2021Article
- Recent advances in therapeutic applications of neutralizing antibodies for virus infections: an overview.Immunologic research · 2020Review
- Selection and immune recognition of HIV-1 MPER mimotopes.Virology · 2020Article
- Predicting Antibody Neutralization Efficacy in Hypermutated Epitopes Using Monte Carlo Simulations.Polymers · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) targeting conserved regions within the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (Env) can be generated by the human immune system and their elicitation by vaccination will be a key point to protect against the wide range of viral diversity. The membrane proximal external region (MPER) is a highly conserved region within the Env gp41 subunit, plays a major role in membrane fusion and is targeted by naturally induced bNAbs. Therefore, the MPER is considered as an attractive vaccine target. However, despite many attempts to design MPER-based immunogens, further study is still needed to understand its structural complexity, its amphiphilic feature, and its limited accessibility by steric hindrance. These particular features compromise the development of MPER-specific neutralizing responses during natural infection and limit the number of bNAbs isolated against this region, as compared with other HIV-1 vulnerability sites, and represent additional hurdles for immunogen development. Nevertheless, the analysis of MPER humoral responses elicited during natural infection as well as the MPER bNAbs isolated to date highlight that the human immune system is capable of generating MPER protective antibodies. Here, we discuss the recent advances describing the immunologic and biochemical features that make the MPER a unique HIV-1 vulnerability site, the different strategies to generate MPER-neutralizing antibodies in immunization protocols and point the importance of extending our knowledge toward new MPER epitopes by the isolation of novel monoclonal antibodies. This will be crucial for the redesign of immunogens able to skip non-neutralizing MPER determinants.
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