ArticleBritish journal of anaesthesia2017
Duration of general anaesthetic exposure in early childhood and long-term language and cognitive ability.
Article in British journal of anaesthesia, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anesthetic Exposure During Childhood and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2022Pooled it
- General anesthesia in children and long-term neurodevelopmental deficits: A systematic review.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- General Anesthetic Exposure in the Management of Pediatric Subglottic Stenosis.World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2026Article
- Safety and surgical outcomes of sodium fluorescein-guided pediatric brain tumor surgery: a retrospective before-and-after single-center cohort study.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Healthcare Workers Regarding Postoperative Behavioral Changes in Pediatric Anaesthesia.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Article
- Damage-associated molecular patterns as a mechanism of sevoflurane-induced neuroinflammation in neonatal rodents.Korean journal of anesthesiology · 2024Article
- The role of anesthesia in peri‑operative neurocognitive disorders: Molecular mechanisms and preventive strategies.Fundamental research · 2024Review
- Sevoflurane Exposure Induces Neuronal Cell Ferroptosis Initiated by Increase of Intracellular Hydrogen Peroxide in the Developing Brain via ER Stress ATF3 Activation.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Anesthesia-induced Developmental Neurotoxicity in Pediatric Population.Journal of surgery and research · 2024Article
- The Role of Neuroactive Steroids in Analgesia and Anesthesia: An Interesting Comeback?Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Neonatal sevoflurane exposure induces long-term changes in dendritic morphology in juvenile rats and mice.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Dexmedetomidine Pre-Treatment of Neonatal Rats Prevents Sevoflurane-Induced Deficits in Learning and Memory in the Adult Animals.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Anesthesia, the developing brain, and dexmedetomidine for neuroprotection.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Systemic inflammation exacerbates developmental neurotoxicity induced by sevoflurane in neonatal rats.British journal of anaesthesia · 2022Article
- Sevoflurane exposure during the second trimester induces neurotoxicity in offspring rats by hyperactivation of PARP-1.Psychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Metformin alleviates prolonged isoflurane inhalation induced cognitive decline via reducing neuroinflammation in adult mice.International immunopharmacology · 2022Article
- Review
- Do We Have Viable Protective Strategies against Anesthesia-Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe anaesthetic dose causing neurotoxicity in animals has been evaluated, but the relationship between duration of volatile anaesthetic (VA) exposure and neurodevelopment in children remains unclear.
methodsData were obtained from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study, with language (Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals: Receptive [CELF-R] and Expressive [CELF-E] and Total [CELF-T]) and cognition (Coloured Progressive Matrices [CPM]) assessed at age 10 yr. Medical records were reviewed, and children divided into quartiles based on total VA exposure duration before age three yr. The association between test score and exposure duration quartile was evaluated using linear regression, adjusting for patient characteristics and comorbidity.
resultsOf 1622 children with available test scores, 148 had documented VA exposure and were split into the following quartiles: ≤25, >25 to ≤35, >35 to ≤60 and >60 min. Compared with unexposed children, CELF-T scores for children in the first and second quartiles did not differ, but those in the third and fourth quartiles had significantly lower scores ([3 rd quartile - Unexposed] -5.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], (-10.2 - -0.4), [4 th quartile - Unexposed] -6.2; 95% CI, (-11.6 - -0.9). CELF-E showed similar findings, but significant differences were not found in CELF-R or CPM for any quartile.
conclusionsChildren with VA exposures ≤35 min did not differ from unexposed children, but those with exposures >35 min had lower total and expressive language scores. It remains unclear if this is a dose-response relationship, or if children requiring longer exposures for longer surgeries have other clinical reasons for lower scores.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.