ArticleCerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)2017
Influences on the Test-Retest Reliability of Functional Connectivity MRI and its Relationship with Behavioral Utility.
Article in Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07024875 (Precision Neuroimaging of Parkinson's Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 231 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Precision Neuroimaging of Parkinson's Disease
Who cites it
231 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Resting-state neuroimaging in social anxiety disorder: a systematic review.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- A decade of test-retest reliability of functional connectivity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.NeuroImage · 2019Pooled it
- Multilevel growth curve analyses of behavioral activation for anhedonia (BATA) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy effects on anhedonia and resting-state functional connectivity: Interim results of a randomized trialJournal of affective disorders · 2021Trial
- Structural correlates underlying accelerated magnetic stimulation in Parkinson's disease.Human brain mapping · 2021Trial
- Low-motion fMRI data can be obtained in pediatric participants undergoing a 60-minute scan protocol.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Connectome-based substrates of emotional N-back performance in the adolescent brain cognitive development study.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Article
- Precision fMRI reveals densely interdigitated network patches with conserved motifs in the lateral prefrontal cortex.Neuron · 2026Article
- Functional brain organization is stable within individuals across years.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Excessive Censoring Degrades Individual-Specific Cortical Parcellations and Personalized TMS Targets.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Test-Retest Reliability of Sensorimotor Activity Measured With Spinal Cord fMRI.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Racialized Heteroscedasticity in Neuroimaging Features, Behavior Measures, and Neuroimaging-Based Predictive Models.Research square · 2026Article
- Feature overlap in transdiagnostic connectome-based models of sustained attention and autism symptoms.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Cognitive-Behavioral Predictors of Individual Variability of Functional Connectivity in Healthy Young Adults.Research square · 2026Article
- Effect sizes in human functional neuroimaging.Research square · 2026Article
- The Hidden Landscape of Missed Effects in Human Functional Neuroimaging.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Feasibility of Precision Functional Mapping in Youth Multi-Echo fMRI Data.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The Incremental Cluster Threshold-Free Cluster Enhancement Algorithm for Functional Connectivity Analysis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Connectome-based prediction of problematic use of social media in adolescents: Findings from the ABCD study.NeuroImage · 2026Article
- Brain Functional Connectivity as a Mediator Between Hematological Metrics and Cognitive Decline in Children With Beta-thalassemia Major.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Brain controllability mediates the effects of early life adversity on adolescent behavior and cognition moderated by genetic risks.Research square · 2026Article
171 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Best practices are currently being developed for the acquisition and processing of resting-state magnetic resonance imaging data used to estimate brain functional organization-or "functional connectivity." Standards have been proposed based on test-retest reliability, but open questions remain. These include how amount of data per subject influences whole-brain reliability, the influence of increasing runs versus sessions, the spatial distribution of reliability, the reliability of multivariate methods, and, crucially, how reliability maps onto prediction of behavior. We collected a dataset of 12 extensively sampled individuals (144 min data each across 2 identically configured scanners) to assess test-retest reliability of whole-brain connectivity within the generalizability theory framework. We used Human Connectome Project data to replicate these analyses and relate reliability to behavioral prediction. Overall, the historical 5-min scan produced poor reliability averaged across connections. Increasing the number of sessions was more beneficial than increasing runs. Reliability was lowest for subcortical connections and highest for within-network cortical connections. Multivariate reliability was greater than univariate. Finally, reliability could not be used to improve prediction; these findings are among the first to underscore this distinction for functional connectivity. A comprehensive understanding of test-retest reliability, including its limitations, supports the development of best practices in the field.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.