Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28965229›Full record

ReviewCurrent treatment options in neurology2017

Treatment of Blepharospasm/Hemifacial Spasm.

Kemar E Green, David Rastall, Eric Eggenberger

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current treatment options in neurology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Medical cannabis oil for benign essential blepharospasm: a prospective, randomized controlled pilot study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2022
    Trial
  4. A scoping review about the efficacy of clonazepam for the treatment of benign essential blepharospasm.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
    Article
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  19. Treatment of Visual Disorders in Parkinson Disease.Current treatment options in neurology · 2018
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Kemar E GreenDepartments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. kemar.green@hc.msu.edu.
David RastallMichigan State University, College of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Eric EggenbergerDepartments of Ophthalmology and Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
Michigan State University · USJacksonville College · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

opinion statementThe treatment of both hemifacial spasm (HFS) and blepharospasm (BEB) requires making the appropriate clinical diagnosis. Advance imaging and electrophysiologic studies are useful; however, one's clinical suspicion is paramount. The purpose of this review is to summarize current and emerging therapies for both entities. Botulinum toxin (BTX) remains the first-line therapy to treat both conditions. If chemodenervation has failed, surgery may be considered. Due to the risks associated with surgery, the benefits of this option must be carefully weighed. Better surgical outcomes are possible when procedures are performed at tertiary centers with experienced surgeons and advanced imaging techniques. Microvascular decompression is an efficacious method to treat HFS, and myectomy is an option for medication-refractory BEB; the risks of the latter may outweigh any meaningful clinical benefits. Oral agents only provide short-term relief and can cause several unwanted effects; they are reserved for patients who cannot receive BTX and/or surgery. Transcranial magnetic stimulation has gained some traction in the treatment of BEB and may provide safer non-invasive options for refractory patients in the future.

Indexed as

Blepharospasm (BEB)Botulinum toxinDystoniaFacial nerveHemifacial spasm (HFS)Involuntary movementMicrovascular decompression (MVD)Myectomy

Identifiers

PMID28965229
OpenAlexW2760711023

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.