ArticleThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2017
Identification of a novel transposon-associated phosphoethanolamine transferase gene, mcr-5, conferring colistin resistance in d-tartrate fermenting Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi B.
Article in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 282 papers.
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Who cites it
282 citing papers in PubMed, 519 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Assessing resistome host range across water reclamation in three geographically distinct communities using Hi-C sequencing.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Novel polymyxin resistance gene family mcr-12 from environmental Pigmentiphaga litoralis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Review
- Co-occurrence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene, mcr-1 and blaScientific reports · 2026Article
- Detection of polymyxin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from poultry farms in Brazil: continued mcr gene dissemination.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2026Article
- mcr gene family evolution and structural mechanisms of colistin resistance: from mcr-1 to emerging variants.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Appraisal of Multidrug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Colistin Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria: Mechanisms, Transmission, and Novel Intervention Strategies.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Colistin Resistance in Bacteria: Current Updates on Mechanism of Action and Combating Strategies.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2026Review
- The colistin resistance pandemic: A dual threat from plasmid-encoded mobilised colistin resistance genes and chromosomal mutations.African journal of laboratory medicine · 2026Review
- Global Bibliometric and Phylogenetic Analysis of mcr-Mediated Colistin Resistance.BioMed research international · 2026Article
- Targeting Horizontal Gene Transfer to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance: A Review of Mechanisms, Drivers, and Multi-Omics Strategies.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Persistence of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli and the mcr-1 gene in the poultry chain, after the colistin ban.Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- The Public Health Risks of Colistin Resistance in Dogs and Cats: A One Health Perspective Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- Colistin resistance in the era of antimicrobial resistance: challenges and strategic countermeasures.Folia microbiologica · 2025Review
- Understanding Recent Developments in Colistin Resistance: Mechanisms, Clinical Implications, and Future Perspectives.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Gut Microbiome and Colistin Resistance: A Hidden Driver of Antimicrobial Failure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Multidrug Resistance and Virulence Traits ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
222 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesPlasmid-mediated mobilized colistin resistance is currently known to be caused by phosphoethanolamine transferases termed MCR-1, MCR-2, MCR-3 and MCR-4. However, this study focuses on the dissection of a novel resistance mechanism in mcr-1-, mcr-2- and mcr-3-negative d-tartrate fermenting Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi B (Salmonella Paratyphi B dTa+) isolates with colistin MIC values >2 mg/L.
methodsA selected isolate from the strain collection of the German National Reference Laboratory for Salmonella was investigated by WGS and bioinformatical analysis to identify novel phosphoethanolamine transferase genes involved in colistin resistance. Subsequently PCR screening, S1-PFGE and DNA-DNA hybridization were performed to analyse the prevalence and location of the identified mcr-5 gene. Cloning and transformation experiments in Escherichia coli DH5α and Salmonella Paratyphi B dTa+ control strains were carried out and the activity of MCR-5 was determined in vitro by MIC testing.
resultsIn this study, we identified a novel phosphoethanolamine transferase in 14 mcr-1-, mcr-2- and mcr-3-negative Salmonella Paratyphi B dTa+ isolates with colistin MIC values >2 mg/L that were received during 2011-13. The respective gene, further termed as mcr-5 (1644 bp), is part of a 7337 bp transposon of the Tn3 family and usually located on related multi-copy ColE-type plasmids. Interestingly, in one isolate an additional subclone with a chromosomal location of the mcr-5 transposon was observed.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that the transfer of colistin-resistance-mediating phosphoethanolamine transferase genes from bacterial chromosomes to mobile genetic elements has occurred in multiple independent events raising concern regarding their variety, prevalence and impact on public health.
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