ReviewGenome biology and evolution2017
Evolution of Sex Chromosome Dosage Compensation in Animals: A Beautiful Theory, Undermined by Facts and Bedeviled by Details.
Review in Genome biology and evolution, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 78 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 152 citations in OpenAlex.
- A lizard is never late: Squamate genomics as a recent catalyst for understanding sex chromosome and microchromosome evolution.The Journal of heredity · 2023Pooled it
- Widespread male-female expression imbalance of X-linked genes across phrynosomatid lizards.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Mixed Evidence that Dosage Sensitive Genes Drive Global Dosage Compensation in Flour Beetles.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Identification of sex chromosome, sex-biased gene expression and dosage compensation in the pygmy mole cricket Xya riparia (Orthoptera: Tridactyloidea).BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Evolutionary Dynamics of Dosage Compensation and Sex-biased Gene Expression in Morabine Grasshopper Vandiemenella viatica.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- HJ Muller and the Relationship Between Sex Chromosome Degeneration and the Evolution of Dosage Compensation.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Review
- X-chromosome upregulation operates on a gene-by-gene basis at RNA and protein levels.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Single-cell consequences of X-linked meiotic drive in stalk-eyed flies.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- An Extension of Muller's Sheltering Hypothesis for the Evolution of Sex Chromosome Gene Content.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Contrasting Evolutionary Trajectories Under Paternal Genome Elimination in Male and Female Citrus Mealybugs.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- Chromatin Landscape Is Associated With Sex-Biased Expression and Drosophila-Like Dosage Compensation of the Z Chromosome in Artemia franciscana.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Dynamics of X chromosome hyper-expression and inactivation in male tissues during stick insect development.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Sex Chromosome Dosage Compensation in Insects.Insects · 2025Review
- Evolution and regulation of animal sex chromosomes.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2025Review
- Transcriptomic Sexual Conflict at Two Evolutionary Timescales Revealed by Experimental Evolution in Caenorhabditis elegans.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Evidence for a Novel X Chromosome in Termites.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Sex-biased gene content is associated with sex chromosome turnover in Danaini butterflies.Molecular ecology · 2024Article
- Sex Chromosome Evolution: Hallmarks and Question Marks.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Review
- Sex as a biological variable in ageing: insights and perspectives on the molecular and cellular hallmarks.Open biology · 2024Review
- The grasshopper genome reveals long-term gene content conservation of the X Chromosome and temporal variation in X Chromosome evolution.Genome research · 2024Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many animals with genetic sex determination harbor heteromorphic sex chromosomes, where the heterogametic sex has half the gene dose of the homogametic sex. This imbalance, if reflected in the abundance of transcripts or proteins, has the potential to deleteriously disrupt interactions between X-linked and autosomal loci in the heterogametic sex. Classical theory predicts that molecular mechanisms will evolve to provide dosage compensation that recovers expression levels comparable to ancestral expression prior to sex chromosome divergence. Such dosage compensating mechanisms may also, secondarily, result in balanced sex-linked gene expression between males and females. However, numerous recent studies addressing sex chromosome dosage compensation (SCDC) in a diversity of animals have yielded a surprising array of patterns concerning dosage compensation in the heterogametic sex, as well as dosage balance between sexes. These results substantially contradict longstanding theory, catalyzing both novel perspectives and new approaches in dosage compensation research. In this review, we summarize the theory, analytical approaches, and recent results concerning evolutionary patterns of SCDC in animals. We also discuss methodological challenges and discrepancies encountered in this research, which often underlie conflicting results. Finally, we discuss what outstanding questions and opportunities exist for future research on SCDC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.