ReviewAnnual review of virology2017
Making Sense of Multifunctional Proteins: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Accessory and Regulatory Proteins and Connections to Transcription.
Review in Annual review of virology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed.
- FromImmune network · 2026Review
- The prefrontal cortex as a target of HIV-1 neurotoxicity: molecular mechanisms of viral protein-mediated neurodegeneration and executive dysfunction.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Searching for a HIV-1 Cure.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Fitness Landscapes of APOBEC3G Antagonism by HIV-1 Vif proteins.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Evidence for vitellogenin DNA-binding in honey bees.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025Article
- Role of HIV-encoded proteins in cardiovascular disease.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2025Review
- Subtype-Specific HIV-1 Protease and the Role of Hinge and Flap Dynamics in Drug Resistance: A Subtype C Narrative.Viruses · 2025Review
- Beyond Protection: The Cytotoxic Effect of Anti-Tat Antibodies in People Living with HIV.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Targeted protein degraders of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro are more active than enzymatic inhibition alone with activity against nirmatrelvir resistant virus.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- The sticky business of Alphavirus capsid-host interactions.Trends in microbiology · 2025Review
- Identification of polymorphisms associated with attenuation of Vif and Vpr in HIV-1 Elite Controllers.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2025Article
- Novel Vpx virus-like particles to improve cytarabine treatment response against acute myeloid leukemia.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Article
- A Review of FDA-Approved Anti-HIV-1 Drugs, Anti-Gag Compounds, and Potential Strategies for HIV-1 Eradication.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Two genes encoded by mulberry crinkle leaf virus (MCLV): The V4 gene enhances viral replication, and the V5 gene is needed for MCLV infection in Nicotiana benthamiana.Virus research · 2024Article
- Article
- High-throughput discovery and characterization of viral transcriptional effectors in human cells.Cell systems · 2023Article
- Infectious RNA: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Biology, Therapeutic Intervention, and the Quest for a Vaccine.Toxins · 2022Review
- HIV-1 Accessory Proteins Impart a Modest Interferon Response and Upregulate Cell Cycle-Related Genes in Macrophages.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Viruses are completely dependent upon cellular machinery to support replication and have therefore developed strategies to co-opt cellular processes to optimize infection and counter host immune defenses. Many viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), encode a relatively small number of genes. Viruses with limited genetic content often encode multifunctional proteins that function at multiple stages of the viral replication cycle. In this review, we discuss the functions of HIV-1 regulatory (Tat and Rev) and accessory (Vif, Vpr, Vpu, and Nef) proteins. Each of these proteins has a highly conserved primary activity; however, numerous additional activities have been attributed to these viral proteins. We explore the possibility that HIV-1 proteins leverage their multifunctional nature to alter host transcriptional networks to elicit a diverse set of cellular responses. Although these transcriptional effects appear to benefit the virus, it is not yet clear whether they are strongly selected for during viral evolution or are a ripple effect from the primary function. As our detailed knowledge of these viral proteins improves, we will undoubtedly uncover how the multifunctional nature of these HIV-1 regulatory and accessory proteins, and in particular their transcriptional functions, work to drive viral pathogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.