Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28959543›Full record

ArticleToxicology reports2016

Toxicity determinants of multi-walled carbon nanotubes: The relationship between functionalization and agglomeration.

Manfredi Allegri, Dimitrios K Perivoliotis, Massimiliano G Bianchi, Martina Chiu, Alessandra Pagliaro, Malamatenia A Koklioti, Aikaterini-Flora A Trompeta, Enrico Bergamaschi, Ovidio Bussolati, Constantinos A Charitidis

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Toxicology reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
55citing papers in PubMed
9.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

55 citing papers in PubMed, 176 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Manfredi AllegriUnit of General Pathology, Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
Dimitrios K PerivoliotisResearch Unit of Advanced, Composite, Nano-Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, GR-157 80 Athens, Greece.
Massimiliano G BianchiUnit of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, 4312 Parma, Italy.
Martina ChiuUnit of General Pathology, Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
Alessandra PagliaroUnit of General Pathology, Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
Malamatenia A KokliotiResearch Unit of Advanced, Composite, Nano-Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, GR-157 80 Athens, Greece.
Aikaterini-Flora A TrompetaResearch Unit of Advanced, Composite, Nano-Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, GR-157 80 Athens, Greece.
Enrico BergamaschiUnit of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, 4312 Parma, Italy.
Ovidio BussolatiUnit of General Pathology, Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
Constantinos A CharitidisResearch Unit of Advanced, Composite, Nano-Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, GR-157 80 Athens, Greece.
University of Parma · ITNational Technical University of Athens · GR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The elucidation of toxicity determinants of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) is still incomplete. Functionalization with carboxyl groups is, however, commonly used to mitigate MWCNT toxicity, although the rationale for the mitigating effect has not been fully clarified yet. In this work, two optimized chemical vapor deposition methods were employed to obtain MWCNT of comparable length but different diameter, which were subsequently functionalized. For MWCNT of diameter larger than 40 nm, no detrimental effects on cell viability of macrophages were observed, while mild cytotoxicity was recorded for diameters between 15 and 40 nm, with a mitigating effect of functionalization. To investigate the factors responsible for the mitigation, we used the thinnest MWCNT preparation on different cell models, evaluating several endpoints, such as viability, production of nitric oxide (NO), expression of pro-inflammatory markers, the Trans-Epithelial Electrical Resistance (TEER), and clonogenic activity. Substantial mitigation of the changes caused by pristine MWCNT was observed not only with carboxyl- but also with amino-functionalized MWCNT, suggesting that negative or positive surface charge was not the main factor responsible for the effect. Instead, either functionalized preparation exhibited a stronger tendency to agglomerate that was strictly dependent on the presence of proteins. Moreover, we found that either carboxyl- or amino-functionalized MWCNT adsorbed a larger amount of serum proteins than pristine counterparts, with a distinctive pattern for each type of MWCNT. We propose, therefore, that the formation of larger agglomerates, dependent upon different protein coronae, contributes to mitigate the biological effects of functionalized MWCNT in protein-rich biological media.

Indexed as

AgglomerationAirway epitheliumBET, Brunauer, Emmett and TellerBSA, Bovine Serum AlbuminCarbon nanotubesCFE, colony forming efficiencyCNT, carbon nanotubesCVD, carbon vapor depositionDMEM, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s mediumDTT, dithiothreitolEDS, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometryFBS, Fetal Bovine SerumFT-IR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopyFunctionalizationInflammationMacrophagesMWCNT, multi-walled carbon nanotubesNO, nitric oxideProtein coronaSDS-PAGE, SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresisSDS, sodium dodecyl sulphateSSA, specific surface areaSWCNT, single-walled carbon nanotubesTEER, Trans-Epithelial Electrical ResistanceTGA, thermogravimetric analysisXRD, X-ray diffraction

Identifiers

PMID28959543
PMCPMC5615827
OpenAlexW2287982871

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.