ArticleJournal of global health2017
Gender inequities in curative and preventive health care use among infants in Bihar, India.
Article in Journal of global health, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of gender in early childcare practices in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2026Pooled it
- Community health workers and health equity in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review and recommendations for policy and practice.International journal for equity in health · 2022Pooled it
- Improving timeliness and completion of infant vaccination among infants in Nigerian urban slums through older women's participation.Frontiers in public health · 2022Trial
- Measurement of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and associated factors among Afghan refugees in Iran: insights from a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Determinants and Experiences of Care-Seeking for Childhood Pneumonia in a Rural Indian Setting: A Mixed-Methods Study.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Article
- Article
- Interpregnancy Interval and Child Health Outcomes in India: Evidence from Three Recent Rounds of National Family Health Survey.Maternal and child health journal · 2023Article
- ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: Diabetes in adolescence.Pediatric diabetes · 2022Review
- Gender Equity Perceptions Among School-Going Adolescents: A Mixed-Methods Comparison Amongst Tribal and Non-Tribal Rural Areas of an Eastern State in India.Frontiers in sociology · 2021Article
- Surgical outcomes of cataract surgery in anterior and combined persistent fetal vasculature using a novel surgical technique: a single center, prospective study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2021Article
- Gender variations in neonatal and early infant mortality in India and Pakistan: a secondary analysis from the Global Network Maternal Newborn Health Registry.Reproductive health · 2020Article
- Gender bias in hospitalization financing from borrowings, selling of assets, contribution from relatives or friends in India.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2020Article
- Attitude and perception of gender equity among students and teachers of a rural school in West Bengal: A mixed-method approach.Journal of education and health promotion · 2020Article
- Associations Between Sex Composition of Older Siblings and Infant Mortality in India from 1992 to 2016.EClinicalMedicine · 2019Article
- Disrupting gender norms in health systems: making the case for change.Lancet (London, England) · 2019Review
- Girls' hidden penalty: analysis of gender inequality in child mortality with data from 195 countries.BMJ global health · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIndia has the highest rate of excess female infant deaths in the world. Studies with decade-old data suggest gender inequities in infant health care seeking, but little new large-scale research has examined this issue. We assessed differences in health care utilization by sex of the child, using 2014 data for Bihar, India.
methodsThis was a cross-sectional analysis of statewide representative survey data collected for a non-blinded maternal and child health evaluation study. Participants included mothers of living singleton infants (n = 11 570). Sex was the main exposure. Outcomes included neonatal illness, care seeking for neonatal illness, hospitalization, facility-based postnatal visits, immunizations, and postnatal home visits by frontline workers. Analyses were conducted via multiple logistic regression with survey weights.
findingsThe estimated infant sex ratio was 863 females per 1000 males. Females had lower rates of reported neonatal illness (odds ratio (OR) = 0.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.6-0.9) and hospitalization during infancy (OR = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.3-0.6). Girl neonates had a significantly lower odds of receiving care if ill (80.6% vs 89.1%; OR = 0.5; 95% CI = 0.3-0.8) and lower odds of having a postnatal checkup visit within one month of birth (5.4% vs 7.3%; OR = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.6-0.9). The gender inequity in care seeking was more profound at lower wealth and higher numbers of siblings. Gender differences in immunization and frontline worker visits were not seen.
interpretationGirls in Bihar have lower odds than boys of receiving facility-based curative and preventive care, and this inequity may partially explain the persistent sex ratio imbalance and excess female mortality. Frontline worker home visits may offer a means of helping better support care for girls.
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