ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2017
Global Dosage Compensation Is Ubiquitous in Lepidoptera, but Counteracted by the Masculinization of the Z Chromosome.
Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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30 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of sex chromosome, sex-biased gene expression and dosage compensation in the pygmy mole cricket Xya riparia (Orthoptera: Tridactyloidea).BMC genomics · 2026Article
- HJ Muller and the Relationship Between Sex Chromosome Degeneration and the Evolution of Dosage Compensation.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Review
- Convergent evolution of H4K16ac-mediated dosage compensation in the ZW species Artemia franciscana.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Sex Chromosome Dosage Compensation in Insects.Insects · 2025Review
- Evidence for a Novel X Chromosome in Termites.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Sex-biased gene content is associated with sex chromosome turnover in Danaini butterflies.Molecular ecology · 2024Article
- Sex Chromosome Evolution: Hallmarks and Question Marks.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Review
- Compensation of gene dosage on the mammalian X.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2024Review
- Lack of Dosage Balance and Incomplete Dosage Compensation in the ZZ/ZW Gila Monster (Heloderma suspectum) Revealed by De Novo Genome Assembly.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Chromatin accessibility, not 5mC methylation covaries with partial dosage compensation in crows.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Incomplete dosage balance and dosage compensation in the ZZ/ZW Gila monster (bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Theme and variation in the evolution of insect sex determination.Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution · 2023Review
- Article
- Masculinizer-induced dosage compensation is achieved by transcriptional downregulation of both copies of Z-linked genes in the silkworm,Biology letters · 2022Article
- Dosage compensation inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Novel Doublesex Duplication Associated with Sexually Dimorphic Development of Dogface Butterfly Wings.Molecular biology and evolution · 2021Article
- Thermosensitive sex chromosome dosage compensation in ZZ/ZW softshell turtles,Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Article
- RADSex: A computational workflow to study sex determination using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing data.Molecular ecology resources · 2021Article
- Epigenetics drive the evolution of sex chromosomes in animals and plants.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Review
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3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
While chromosome-wide dosage compensation of the X chromosome has been found in many species, studies in ZW clades have indicated that compensation of the Z is more localized and/or incomplete. In the ZW Lepidoptera, some species show complete compensation of the Z chromosome, while others lack full equalization, but what drives these inconsistencies is unclear. Here, we compare patterns of male and female gene expression on the Z chromosome of two closely related butterfly species, Papilio xuthus and Papilio machaon, and in multiple tissues of two moths species, Plodia interpunctella and Bombyx mori, which were previously found to differ in the extent to which they equalize Z-linked gene expression between the sexes. We find that, while some species and tissues seem to have incomplete dosage compensation, this is in fact due to the accumulation of male-biased genes and the depletion of female-biased genes on the Z chromosome. Once this is accounted for, the Z chromosome is fully compensated in all four species, through the up-regulation of Z expression in females and in some cases additional down-regulation in males. We further find that both sex-biased genes and Z-linked genes have increased rates of expression divergence in this clade, and that this can lead to fast shifts in patterns of gene expression even between closely related species. Taken together, these results show that the uneven distribution of sex-biased genes on sex chromosomes can confound conclusions about dosage compensation and that Z chromosome-wide dosage compensation is not only possible but ubiquitous among Lepidoptera.
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