SynthesisMalawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi2017
Exposure to biomass smoke as a risk factor for oesophageal and gastric cancer in low-income populations: A systematic review.
Synthesis in Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- National and subnational burden of brain and central nervous system cancers in China and global from 1990 to 2021: results from the global burden of disease study 2021.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Pooled it
- Gastroesophageal disease risk and inhalational exposure a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Exposure to Outdoor Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiologic Evidence.Environmental health perspectives · 2022Pooled it
- Exposure to Wood Smoke and Associated Health Effects in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.Annals of global health · 2020Pooled it
- Association between indoor air pollution and risk of oesophageal cancer: a Chinese population-based case-control study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Exposure to household air pollution in relation to stomach and esophageal cancer in Xuanwei, China.Environment international · 2025Article
- Fasting Gastric Juice Melatonin Levels in Relation to Gastroduodenal Pathologies Among Zambian Patients: A Cross Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Cancer odds among Ohio firefighters: data from the Ohio Cancer Incidence Surveillance System (OCISS) 1996-2019.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Household cooking fuel and gallbladder cancer risk: a multi-centre case-control study in India.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2024Article
- Latin America and the Caribbean Code Against cancer 1st edition: Environment, occupation, and cancer.Cancer epidemiology · 2023Article
- Global trends in the burden of esophageal cancer, 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.Journal of thoracic disease · 2023Article
- Air Quality and Cancer Prevalence Trends across the Sub-Saharan African Regions during 2005-2020.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Exposure to wildfire-related PM2.5 and site-specific cancer mortality in Brazil from 2010 to 2016: A retrospective study.PLoS medicine · 2022Article
- Association between oesophageal cancer and biomass smoke exposure: a case-control study.Ecancermedicalscience · 2022Article
- Tobacco and other risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Lilongwe Malawi: Results from the Lilongwe esophageal cancer case: Control study.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Indoor wood combustion, carcinogenic exposure and esophageal cancer in southwest Kenya.Environment international · 2021Article
- Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Young Female Patient With Durable Complete Response on Treatment.Cureus · 2021Article
- Sugary Liquids in the Baby Bottle: Risk for Child Undernutrition and Severe Tooth Decay in Rural El Salvador.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Development and external validation of a nomogram to predict the risk of Upper gastrointestinal precancerous lesions in a non-high-incidence area.Cancer medicine · 2020Article
- Household Fuel Use and the Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers: The Golestan Cohort Study.Environmental health perspectives · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundUpper gastrointestinal cancers contribute significantly to cancer-related morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, but they continue to receive limited attention. The high incidence in young adults remains unexplained, and the risk factors have not been fully described.
methodsA literature search was conducted using the electronic database PubMed. Beginning from January 1980 to February 2016, all articles evaluating biomass smoke exposure with oesophageal and gastric cancer were reviewed.
resultsOver 70% of the African population relies on biomass fuel, meaning most Africans are exposed to biomass smoke throughout their lives. Cigarette smoke is an established risk factor for upper gastrointestinal cancers, and some of its carcinogenic constituents are also present in biomass smoke. We found eight case-control studies reporting associations between exposure to biomass smoke and oesophageal cancer, and two linking biomass smoke to gastric cancer. All of these papers reported significant positive associations between exposure and cancer risk. Further research is needed in order to fully define the constituents of biomass smoke, which could each have varying specific and synergistic or independent contributions to the development of upper gastrointestinal cancers.
conclusionsExposure to biomass smoke is an environmental factor influencing the development of upper gastrointestinal cancers, especially in low-resource settings.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.