ArticleMalawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi2017
Risk factors for common cancers among patients at Kamuzu Central Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi: A retrospective cohort study.
Article in Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gastroesophageal disease risk and inhalational exposure a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Primary health care challenges: insights from older people with multimorbidity in Malawi - a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Gastric cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa - a systematic review of primary data.Ecancermedicalscience · 2024Review
- Mapping Evidence on the Burden of Breast, Cervical, and Prostate Cancers in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Conceptualising metabolic disorder in Southern Africa: Biology, history and global health.BioSocieties · 2019Article
- Evaluating the use of pathology in improving diagnosis in rural Malawi.Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi · 2018Article
- Recent advances in cancer outcomes in HIV-positive smokers.F1000Research · 2018Review
- Demographic and clinical characteristics of older people with multimorbidity accessing primary healthcare in Malawi: A cross-sectional study.Journal of multimorbidity and comorbidityArticle
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about risk factors for different cancers in Malawi. This study aimed to assess risk factors for and epidemiologic patterns of common cancers among patients treated at Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH) in Lilongwe, and to determine the prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in the same population.
methodsWe analysed data from the hospital-based KCH cancer registry, from June 2009 to September 2012, including data from a nested substudy on coinfections among cancer patients. Demographics and behavioural variables, including smoking and alcohol use, were collected through personal interviews with patients. We assessed HIV prevalence across cancer types. The distribution of cancer types was reported overall and by gender. Logistic regression was used to assess risk factors associated with common cancer types.
resultsData from 504 registered cancer patients were included-300 (59.5%) were female and 204 (40.5%) were male. Mean age was 49 years (standard deviation, SD = 16). There were 343 HIV-negative patients (71.2%), and 139 (28.8%) were HIV-positive. The commonest cancers were oesophageal (n = 172; 34.5%), cervical (n = 109; 21.9%), and Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) (n = 52; 10.4%). Only 18% of cancer cases were histologically confirmed. Patients with oesophageal cancer were likely to be older than 50 years (odds ratio, OR = 2.22), male (OR = 1.47), and smokers (OR = 2.02). Kaposi's sarcoma patients had the highest odds (OR = 54.4) of being HIV-positive and were also more likely to be male (OR = 6.02) and smokers. Cervical cancer patients were more likely to be HIV-positive (OR = 2.2) and less than 50 years of age.
conclusionsAge, smoking, and HIV are important risk factors for the 3 commonest cancer types (oesophageal, KS, and cervical) at this teaching hospital in Malawi. HIV is the single most important risk factor for Kaposi's sarcoma and cervical cancer.
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