Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28954299›Full record

Trial reportJournal of the National Cancer Institute2018

Durability of Protection Afforded by Fewer Doses of the HPV16/18 Vaccine: The CVT Trial.

Mahboobeh Safaeian, Joshua N Sampson, Yuanji Pan, Carolina Porras, Troy J Kemp, Rolando Herrero, Wim Quint, Leen Jan van Doorn, John Schussler, Douglas R Lowy and 9 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIIRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
6.9field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  13. Immune Responses to Human Papillomavirus After Infection and Vaccination.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2026
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Single-dose human papillomavirus vaccination: an update.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs · 2024
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Updates on HPV Vaccination.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.

Mahboobeh SafaeianRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
Joshua N SampsonRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
Yuanji PanRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
Carolina PorrasRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
Troy J KempRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
Rolando HerreroRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
Wim QuintRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
Leen Jan van DoornRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
John SchusslerRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
Douglas R LowyRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
John SchillerRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
Mark T SchiffmanRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
Ana Cecilia RodriguezRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
Mitchell H GailRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
Allan HildesheimRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
Paula GonzalezRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
Ligia A PintoRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
Aimée R KreimerRoche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB), formerly Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; DDL, Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Information Management Systems, Silver Spring, MD.
Costa Rica HPV Vaccine Trial (CVT) Group
National Institutes of Health · USInstituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud · CRLeidos (United States) · USDDL Diagnostic Laboratory · NLCentre international de recherche sur le cancer · FRInformation Management Services · USRoche (United States) · US

Funding

HPV Vaccine TrialZIACP010217 · NCI · DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS · PI KREIMER, AIMEE · 2011 to 2025
$42.3M
Papillomavirus Virion Proteins and VaccinesZIABC010579 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI LOWY, DOUGLAS R. · 2009 to 2025
$15.4M
NCI NIH HHS N01 CP011005World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Previously, we demonstrated similar human papillomavirus (HPV)16/18 vaccine efficacy estimates and stable HPV16/18 antibody levels four years postvaccination in a nonrandomized analysis of women who received a varying number of doses of the bivalent HPV16/18 vaccine. Here we extend data to seven years following initial vaccination. Methods: We evaluated HPV16/18-vaccinated women who received one (n = 134), two (n 0/1 = 193, n 0/6 = 79), or three doses (n = 2043) to a median of 6.9 years postvaccination. Cervical HPV DNA was measured with the SPF10- DEIA-LiPA PCR system; HPV16/18-specific antibody levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (n = 486). Infection and immunological measures were compared across vaccine dose groups. Prevalent HPV infection at year 7 was also compared with an unvaccinated control group (UCG). All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Among women in the three-dose, two-dose 0/6 , two-dose 0/1 , and one-dose groups, cumulative incident HPV16/18 infection rates (No. of events/No. of individuals) were 4.3% (88/2036, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.5% to 5.3%), 3.8% (3/78, 95% CI = 1.0% to 10.1%), 3.6% (7/192, 95% CI = 1.6% to 7.1%), and 1.5% (2/133, 95% CI = 0.3% to 4.9%; P = 1.00, .85, .17 comparing the two-dose 0/6 , two-dose 0/1 , and one-dose groups to the three-dose group, respectively). The prevalence of other carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic HPV types, excluding HPV16/18/31/33/45, were high and not statistically different among all dose groups, indicating that the low incidence of HPV16/18 in the one- and two-dose groups was not due to lack of exposure. At seven years, 100% of participants in all dose groups remained HPV16 and HPV18 seropositive. A non-statistically significant decrease in the geometric mean of the HPV16 antibody levels between years 4 and 7 was observed among women in the three-dose group: -10.8% (95% CI = -25.3% to 6.6%); two-dose (0/6 months) group: -17.3% (95% CI = -39.3% to 12.8%), two-dose (0/1 month) group: -6.9% (95% CI = -22.1% to 11.2%), and one-dose group: -5.5% (95% CI = -29.7% to 27.0%); results were similar for HPV18. Conclusions: At an average of seven years of follow-up, we observed similar low rates of HPV16/18 infections and slight, if any, decreases in HPV16/18 antibody levels by dose group.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAntibodies, ViralCervix UteriDNA, ViralFemaleHuman papillomavirus 16Human papillomavirus 18HumansPapillomavirus InfectionsPapillomavirus VaccinesUterine Cervical DiseasesYoung AdultAntibodies, ViralDNA, Viralhuman papillomavirus vaccine, L1 type 16, 18Papillomavirus Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID28954299
PMCPMC6075614
OpenAlexW2757094995

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.