Trial reportPediatric research2018
Effects of iron supplementation of low-birth-weight infants on cognition and behavior at 7 years: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in Pediatric research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enteral micronutrient supplementation and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm or low birth weight infants: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Maternal & child nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Iron supplementation in preterm and low-birth-weight infants: a systematic review of intervention studies.Nutrition reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Iron Deficiency and Iron Homeostasis in Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2019Pooled it
- Iron in breastfed infants and behavior at 3 years: a randomized trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Neurobehavioral Outcomes at 10 Years of Age following Delayed Umbilical Cord Clamping: A Follow-Up Study after a Randomized Trial.Neonatology · 2025Trial
- Neurological development and iron supplementation in healthy late-preterm neonates: a randomized double-blind controlled trial.European journal of pediatrics · 2022Trial
- Hepcidin is a relevant iron status indicator in infancy: results from a randomized trial of early vs. delayed cord clamping.Pediatric research · 2021Trial
- Promotion of long-term health in early life.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Iron Supplementation and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infancy and Early Childhood: A Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Efficacy of Nutritional Interventions in Reducing Childhood/Youth Aggressive and Antisocial Behavior: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Campbell systematic reviews · 2025Review
- NorthPop: a prospective population-based birth cohort study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The Effects of Iron Administration on Anemia Development during the 7th and 21st Day of Life in Premature Newborns: A Prospective Cohort Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction in Perinatal Iron Deficiency.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Anemia, Iron Supplementation, and the Brain.Clinics in perinatology · 2023Review
- Review
- The importance of iron deficiency in pregnancy on fetal, neonatal, and infant neurodevelopmental outcomes.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2023Review
- Paraben exposure through drugs in the neonatal intensive care unit: a regional cohort study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Article
- Effects of Daily Iron Supplementation on Motor Development and Brain Connectivity in Preterm Infants: A Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BackgroundLow-birth-weight infants (LBW) are at an increased risk of iron deficiency that has been associated with impaired neurodevelopment. We hypothesized that iron supplementation of LBW infants improves cognitive scores and reduces behavioral problems until school age.MethodsWe randomized 285 marginally LBW (2,000-2,500 g) infants to receive 0, 1, or 2 mg/kg/day of iron supplements from 6 weeks to 6 months of age. At 7 years of age, 205 participants were assessed regarding cognition using Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV) and behavior using the parental questionnaires Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Five to Fifteen (FTF).ResultsThere were no significant differences between the intervention groups in WISC-IV or FTF. However, the CBCL scores for externalizing problems were significantly different, in favor of supplemented children (P=0.045). When combining the supplemented groups, they had significantly lower scores for externalizing behavior compared with placebo (median (interquartile range): 44 [34;51] vs. 48.5 [41;56] P=0.013), and their risk ratio (95% confidence interval) for a total behavioral score above the cutoff for clinical problems was 0.31 (0.09-1.0), P=0.054.ConclusionLower scores of externalizing behavior in supplemented children support our previous findings at 3 years, and suggest that iron supplementation may have long-lasting effects on behavioral functions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.