SynthesisBMJ open2017
Prevalence and risk factors of epiretinal membranes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Refractive Error and Eye Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Comparison of retinal thickness and choroidal vascularity index after vitrectomy in idiopathic versus diabetic epiretinal membrane.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Effect of membrane peeling on the ganglion cell inner-plexiform layer in glaucomatous eyes with idiopathic epiretinal membrane.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Novel Systemic Associations of Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane Identified via Machine Learning.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Limited clinical relevance of systemic inflammatory indices in idiopathic epiretinal membrane: a retrospective case-control study.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Surgical prognosis in epiretinal membrane: 12-month outcomes after membrane peeling in a 5-year cohort with OCT biomarkers.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2026Article
- Nationwide trends in macular hole, epiretinal membrane and floaters surgery, 2010-2023.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Article
- Ultrastructural Findings of the Internal Limiting Membrane with and without Epiretinal Membrane: A Comparative Electron Microscopy Study.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- A multimodal retinal aging clock for biological age prediction and systemic health assessment via OCT and fundus imaging.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Insights into risk factors and interactive effects on epiretinal membrane development from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Postoperative Full-Thickness Macular Hole Formation after Vitrectomy for the Removal of Epiretinal Membrane.Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO · 2025Article
- Artificial intelligence analysis of OCT biomarkers to predict visual outcomes following vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2025Article
- Epiretinal membrane formation following laser photocoagulation for peripheral retinal degeneration: incidence and risk factors.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Association Between Eye Diseases and Sleep Duration: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.Psychiatry investigation · 2025Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of vitreoretinal interface disorders using multicolour OCT among Chinese population in Fujian eye study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Impact of epiretinal membrane peeling on steroid dependency in uveitic eyes: a retrospective analysis.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2025Article
- Clinical comparison of epiretinal membrane surgery using Sharkskin forceps versus conventional forceps.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Premacular membranes and glaucoma: a review of clinical and therapeutic considerations.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Review
- Elevated hyperreflective foci as a novel characteristic in idiopathic epiretinal membrane by optical coherence tomography angiography.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of epiretinal membrane using spectralis OCT in Fujian Eye Study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study was to aggregate the prevalence and risks of epiretinal membranes (ERMs) and determine the possible causes of the varied estimates.
designSystematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: The search strategy was designed prospectively. We searched PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases from inception to July 2016. Reference lists of the included literatures were reviewed as well. STUDY SELECTION: Surveys published in English language from any population were included if they had a population-based design and reported the prevalence of ERM from retinal photography with or without optical coherence tomography. Eligibility and quality evaluation was conducted independently by two investigators. DATA EXTRACTION: The literature search generated 2144 records, and 13 population-based studies comprising 49 697 subjects were finally included. The prevalence of ERM and the ORs of potential risk factors (age, sex, myopia, hypertension and so on) were extracted.
resultsThe pooled age-standardised prevalence estimates of earlier ERM (cellophane macular reflex (CMR)), advanced ERM (preretinal macular fibrosis (PMF)) and any ERM were 6.5% (95% CI 4.2% to 8.9%), 2.6% (95% CI 1.8% to 3.4%) and 9.1% (95% CI 6.0% to 12.2%), respectively. In the subgroup analysis, race and photography modality contributed to the variation in the prevalence estimates of PMF, while the WHO regions and image reading methods were associated with the varied prevalence of CMR and any ERM. Meta-analysis showed that only greater age and female significantly conferred a higher risk of ERMs.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that ERMs are relatively common among aged population. Race, image taking and reading methodology may play important roles in influencing the large variability of ERM prevalence estimates.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.