ArticleBrain research2017
Intranasally administered IGF-1 inhibits spreading depression in vivo.
Article in Brain research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- An engineered insulin analog with dual insulin and IGF-1 receptor agonism and distinct signaling.Science advances · 2026Article
- The Nasal-Brain Drug Delivery Route: Mechanisms and Applications to Central Nervous System Diseases.MedComm · 2025Review
- Metabolic Dysfunction and Dietary Interventions in Migraine Management: The Role of Insulin Resistance and Neuroinflammation-A Narrative and Scoping Review.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Nose to brain strategy coupled to nano vesicular system for natural products delivery: Focus on synaptic plasticity in Alzheimer's disease.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2024Review
- Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology of Spreading Depolarization/Depression and Migraine: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Levels and Migraine Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Neurology and therapy · 2022Article
- Long-Term Intranasal Nerve Growth Factor Treatment Favors Neuron Formation inFrontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Article
- Insulin-like growth factor-1 inhibits nitroglycerin-induced trigeminal activation of oxidative stress, calcitonin gene-related peptide and c-Fos expression.Neuroscience letters · 2021Article
- Environmental Enrichment and Its Benefits for Migraine: Dendritic Cell Extracellular Vesicles as an Effective Mimetic.Journal of cellular immunology · 2021Article
- IFNγ-stimulated dendritic cell extracellular vesicles can be nasally administered to the brain and enter oligodendrocytes.PloS one · 2021Article
- Sensory Neuromodulation.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2020Article
- Design and Application in Delivery System of Intranasal Antidepressants.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2020Review
- IFNγ-Stimulated Dendritic Cell Exosomes for Treatment of Migraine Modeled Using Spreading Depression.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Spreading depression (SD) is a wave of cellular depolarization that travels slowly through susceptible gray matter brain areas. SD is the most likely cause of migraine aura and perhaps migraine pain, and is a well-accepted animal model of migraine. Identification of therapeutics that can prevent SD may have clinical relevance toward migraine treatment. Here we show that insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) significantly inhibited neocortical SD in vivo after intranasal delivery to rats. A single dose of IGF-1 inhibited SD within an hour, and continued to protect for at least seven days thereafter. A two-week course of IGF-1, administered every third day, further decreased SD susceptibility and showed no aberrant effects on glial activation, nasal mucosa, or serum markers of toxicity. SD begets SD in vitro by mechanisms that involve microglial activation. We add to this relationship by showing that recurrent SD in vivo increased susceptibility to subsequent SD, and that intervention with IGF-1 significantly interrupted this pathology. These findings support nasal administration of IGF-1 as a novel intervention capable of mitigating SD susceptibility, and as a result, potentially migraine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.