Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28943220›Full record

ArticleJournal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology2018

Who's Not Protected in the Herd? Factors Associated with Vaccine-Type HPV in Unvaccinated Women.

C Smith, L Ding, P M Gorbach, E L Franco, J A Kahn

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

C SmithCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
L DingCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
P M GorbachUniversity of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
E L FrancoMcGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
J A KahnCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio. Electronic address: jessica.kahn@cchmc.org.
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center · USMcGill University · CAUniversity of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

Epidemiologic Impact of HPV VaccinationR01AI104709 · NIAID · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI DING, LILI, KAHN, JESSICA · 2013 to 2022
$5.6M
Behavioral and Virologic Impact of HPV ImmunizationR01AI073713 · NIAID · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI KAHN, JESSICA · 2008 to 2012
$2.7M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI073713NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI104709
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

STUDY

objectiveEvidence suggests that vaccine-type human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence may decrease in unvaccinated women after HPV vaccine introduction, indicating herd protection. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with vaccine-type HPV (i.e. absence of herd protection) after vaccine introduction.

designWe conducted three cross-sectional studies from 2006-2014 (n = 1180): wave 1 (2006-2007), wave 2 (2009-2010), and wave 3 (2013-2014).

settingParticipants were recruited from a hospital-based teen health center and a community health department.

participantsWe recruited 13-26 year-old young women; those included in this analysis had not received an HPV vaccine. INTERVENTIONS AND

main outcome measuresThe outcome measure was infection with at least one vaccine-type HPV (HPV6, 11, 16, 18).

resultsMultivariable logistic regression demonstrated that in wave 1 (before vaccine introduction), history of anal intercourse (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.1-3.0), age 18-21 vs 13-17 years (OR = 2.1, CI = 1.2-3.6), and Black/multiracial vs White race (OR = 1.8, CI = 1.1-3.0) were associated with vaccine-type HPV in unvaccinated women. In wave 2, no variables were associated with HPV. In wave 3, sexually transmitted infection history (OR = 3.6, CI = 1.3-9.7) was associated with HPV.

conclusionWe did not identify a consistent set of modifiable risk factors associated with vaccine-type HPV after vaccine introduction across the three study waves, underscoring the urgency of vaccination for primary HPV prevention and the limitations of relying on herd protection.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsPapillomavirus InfectionsPapillomavirus VaccinesPrevalenceRacial GroupsRisk FactorsSexual BehaviorSexually Transmitted DiseasesYoung AdultPapillomavirus VaccinesHerd protectionHuman papillomavirusVaccineWomen

Identifiers

PMID28943220
PMCPMC5862729
OpenAlexW2760494693

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.