ArticlePsychological medicine2018
Genetic risk scores and family history as predictors of schizophrenia in Nordic registers.
Article in Psychological medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic testing in psychiatry, the perceptions of healthcare workers and patients: a mini review.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- Evaluating risk for alcohol use disorder: Polygenic risk scores and family history.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Pooled it
- Documentation of Psychosis Risk Screening in Same-Day Adolescent Behavioural Health Consultations.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Cognitive reserve in non-affective first-episode psychosis: contributions of polygenic scores, early clinical features, and environment.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Transcranial focused ultrasound for precision modulation in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Genetic insights into schizophrenia: ERBB4 and GABRB2 polymorphisms in the Lebanese population.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- Genome-wide association analyses identify distinct genetic architectures for early-onset and late-onset depression.Nature genetics · 2025Article
- Independent versus joint effects of polygenic or family-based schizophrenia risk in diverse ancestry youth in the ABCD study.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Neighborhood social fragmentation in relation to impaired mismatch negativity among youth at clinical high risk for psychosis and healthy comparisons.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Investigating The Brain Regions Related to Early Onset Psychosis: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study Considering The Effect of Hereditary Burden and Environmental Risk Factors.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2025Article
- Results of the Global Burden of Disease study for schizophrenia: trends from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2050.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- 3-generation family histories of mental, neurologic, cardiometabolic, birth defect, asthma, allergy, and autoimmune conditions associated with autism: An open-source catalog of findings.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2024Article
- The association between neighborhood-level social fragmentation and distressing psychotic-like experiences in early adolescence: the moderating role of close friends.Psychological medicine · 2024Article
- 3-generation family histories of mental, neurologic, cardiometabolic, birth defect, asthma, allergy, and autoimmune conditions associated with autism: an open-source catalogue of findings.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- The burden of schizophrenia in the Middle East and North Africa region, 1990-2019.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Polygenic risk for depression and anterior and posterior hippocampal volume in children and adolescents.Journal of affective disorders · 2024Article
- Comprehensive review of multidimensional biomarkers in the ShangHai At Risk for Psychosis (SHARP) program for early psychosis identification.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2023Review
- The interplay of family history of depression and early trauma: associations with lifetime and current depression in the German national cohort (NAKO).Frontiers in epidemiology · 2023Article
- Unique prediction of developmental psychopathology from genetic and familial risk.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2022Article
- Reported autism diagnosis is associated with psychotic-like symptoms in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development cohort.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFamily history is a long-standing and readily obtainable risk factor for schizophrenia (SCZ). Low-cost genotyping technologies have enabled large genetic studies of SCZ, and the results suggest the utility of genetic risk scores (GRS, direct assessments of inherited common variant risk). Few studies have evaluated family history and GRS simultaneously to ask whether one can explain away the other.
methodsWe studied 5959 SCZ cases and 8717 controls from four Nordic countries. All subjects had family history data from national registers and genome-wide genotypes that were processed through the quality control procedures used by the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Using external training data, GRS were estimated for SCZ, bipolar disorder (BIP), major depression, autism, educational attainment, and body mass index. Multivariable modeling was used to estimate effect sizes.
resultsUsing harmonized genomic and national register data from Denmark, Estonia, Norway, and Sweden, we confirmed that family history of SCZ and GRS for SCZ and BIP were risk factors for SCZ. In a joint model, the effects of GRS for SCZ and BIP were essentially unchanged, and the effect of family history was attenuated but remained significant. The predictive capacity of a model including GRS and family history neared the minimum for clinical utility.
conclusionsCombining national register data with measured genetic risk factors represents an important investigative approach for psychotic disorders. Our findings suggest the potential clinical utility of combining GRS and family history for early prediction and diagnostic improvements.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.