ArticleCancer science2017
Antifibrotic effects of pentoxifylline improve the efficacy of gemcitabine in human pancreatic tumor xenografts.
Article in Cancer science, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic biomarkers related to tumoral microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review.Romanian journal of morphology and embryology = Revue roumaine de morphologie et embryologiePooled it
- Collagen-derived biomarkers reveal distinct fibrotic responses among cancer-associated fibroblasts.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Combination immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: synergies among immune checkpoints, TKIs, and chemotherapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Chemotherapy with a molecular rational basis, pentoxifylline as a promising antitumor drug.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Chemosensitizing effect of pentoxifylline in sensitive and multidrug-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2024Article
- Pentoxifylline Inhibits TNF-α/TGF-β1-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via Suppressing the NF-κB Pathway andInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Cancer immune exclusion: breaking the barricade for a successful immunotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Multifunctional regulatory protein connective tissue growth factor (CTGF): A potential therapeutic target for diverse diseases.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2022Review
- Article
- Immunotherapy in soft tissue and bone sarcoma: unraveling the barriers to effectiveness.Theranostics · 2022Review
- Coregulation of pathways in lung cancer patients with EGFR mutation: therapeutic opportunities.British journal of cancer · 2021Review
- The Role of Tumor Microenvironment in Cancer Metastasis: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.Cancers · 2021Review
- Drug Repurposing Opportunities in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Pentoxifylline Sensitizes Cisplatin-Resistant Human Cervical Cancer Cells to Cisplatin Treatment: Involvement of Mitochondrial and NF-Kappa B Pathways.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Article
- Three Dimensional Mixed-Cell Spheroids Mimic Stroma-Mediated Chemoresistance and Invasive Migration in hepatocellular carcinoma.Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2018Article
- Antifibrotic effects of pentoxifylline improve the efficacy of gemcitabine in human pancreatic tumor xenografts.Cancer science · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We investigated the combinatorial effects of pentoxifylline (PTX) on the efficacy of gemcitabine (GEM) in a human pancreatic tumor xenograft model. PTX significantly improved the efficacy of GEM, as shown by a 50% reduction in tumor growth rate at 4 weeks of treatment compared with that in animals given GEM alone. The fluorescent drug doxorubicin (DOX) was used to test whether drug delivery was improved by PTX, contributing to the improved efficacy of GEM. PTX given for 2 weeks prior to giving DOX improved drug distribution by 1.8- to 2.2-fold with no changes in vessel density, suggesting that improvement in drug delivery was not related to the vascular mechanism. Instead, collagen I content in tumor stroma was significantly reduced, as was the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin of cancer-associated fibroblasts and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) by PTX pretreatment. Overall, our data demonstrated that increased efficacy of GEM by PTX was associated with improved drug delivery to tumor tissue, which may be attributed to decreased expression of CTGF and subsequent reduction in the stromal collagen matrix in the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tumor. These results support the usefulness of PTX in combination with chemotherapy for targeting drug delivery barriers associated with the stromal matrix, which should be further evaluated for clinical development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.