ArticleThe Laryngoscope2018
The PD-1 and PD-L1 pathway in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.
Article in The Laryngoscope, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and clinical activity of PD-L1 blockade in patients with aggressive recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2019Trial
- Preclinical efficacy of dendritic cells loaded with newly identified HPV11 E6-derived CD8NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Article
- Laryngeal Papillomatosis.Cancers · 2025Review
- Profiling of VEGF Receptors and Immune Checkpoints in Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis.The Laryngoscope · 2024Article
- Pulmonary manifestations of chronic HPV infection in patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2022Review
- Oropharyngeal tumor cells induce COX-2 expression in peripheral blood monocytes by secretion of IL-1α.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- HPV and Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis: A Brief Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- How Enhancing Immunity to Low-Risk HPV Could Cure Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis.The Laryngoscope · 2021Review
- Biologics for the Treatment of Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis.Otolaryngologic clinics of North America · 2021Review
- Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: A 2020 perspective.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2021Review
- Therapeutic Antibodies for the Treatment of Respiratory Tract Infections-Current Overview and Perspectives.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Histological Severity Risk Factors Identification in Juvenile-Onset Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis: How Immunohistochemistry and AI Algorithms Can Help?Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Pulmonary endothelium-derived PD-L1 induced by the H9N2 avian influenza virus inhibits the immune response of T cells.Virology journal · 2020Article
- Immunological tolerance of low-risk HPV in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2020Review
- Article
- Laryngeal Tumor Microenvironment.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2020Review
- Squamous Cell Papillomatosis in the Setting of Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis.Head and neck pathology · 2019Article
- A Case of Malignant Transformation of Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis That Was Effectively Treated with Pembrolizumab.Case reports in oncologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectives/hypothesisGeneration of an immunosuppressive microenvironment may enable a persistent human papillomavirus infection in the setting of an otherwise normal immune system. We hypothesized that expression of the T-lymphocyte co-inhibitory receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 would be increased in the recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) microenvironment compared to normal controls. STUDY
designCase-control study.
methodsFormalin-fixed paraffin-embedded respiratory papilloma and normal controls were obtained under institutional review board approval, stained for CD4, CD8, FoxP3, and PD-1, and scored by automated cell count. PD-L1 staining was scored by a blinded pathologist using an adjusted inflammation score that accounted for epithelial and immune infiltrate.
resultsThirty-nine RRP cases and seven controls were studied. All immunologic markers demonstrated significantly increased staining in RRP specimens compared to normal controls (all P < .01). PD-1 correlated with both CD4 (P < .0001) and CD8 (P < .001) cell counts. Epithelial staining for PD-L1 (68%) and PD-L1+ infiltrating immune cells (76%) were observed in the majority of papilloma samples. The strongest staining for PD-L1 was usually observed in the basal papilloma layer adjacent to the immunologic infiltrate in the vascular core. Disease severity inversely correlated with CD8 cell counts (P = .01). A correlation between disease severity and other immunologic markers was not observed.
conclusionsMost RRP specimens demonstrate PD-1 T-lymphocyte infiltration and PD-L1 expression on both papilloma and infiltrating immune cells. This study suggests that this checkpoint pathway may be contributing to local immunosuppression in RRP, and opens the door for clinical trials utilizing PD-blocking monoclonal antibodies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: NA Laryngoscope, 128:E27-E32, 2018.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.