ArticleScientific reports2017
Glutaminase 2 expression is associated with regional heterogeneity of 5-aminolevulinic acid fluorescence in glioblastoma.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preoperative prediction of 5-ALA fluorescence in gliomas: comparison of 7-Tesla magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging, contrast-enhancement on MRI, and positron emission tomography.European radiology · 2026Article
- Targeting Glutaminase Isoforms GLS and GLS2 in Luminal Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Based Radiodynamic Therapy for Malignant Gliomas: A Conceptual Framework for Mitochondria-Centered Mechanisms, Target Cell States and Translational Perspectives.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Two Faces of Glutaminase GLS2 in Carcinogenesis.Cancers · 2023Review
- Mapping high-grade glioma immune infiltration to 5-ALA fluorescence levels: TCGA data computation, classical histology, and digital image analysis.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2023Article
- Regulators of epigenetic change in ferroptosis‑associated cancer (Review).Oncology reports · 2022Review
- The expression of glutamate metabolism modulators in the intracranial tumors and glioblastoma cell line.Molecular biology reports · 2022Article
- Analysis of Factors Affecting 5-ALA Fluorescence Intensity in Visualizing Glial Tumor Cells-Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Spatial immune heterogeneity of hypoxia-induced exhausted features in high-grade glioma.Oncoimmunology · 2022Article
- Electrotherapies for Glioblastoma.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2021Review
- Molecular and Metabolic Mechanisms Underlying Selective 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Induced Fluorescence in Gliomas.Cancers · 2021Review
- Experience Profiling of Fluorescence-Guided Surgery I: Gliomas.Brain tumor research and treatment · 2019Article
- In order for the light to shine so brightly, the darkness must be present-why do cancers fluoresce with 5-aminolaevulinic acid?British journal of cancer · 2019Review
- Spectral complexity of 5-ALA induced PpIX fluorescence in guided surgery: a clinical study towards the discrimination of healthy tissue and margin boundaries in high and low grade gliomas.Biomedical optics express · 2019Article
- Quantitative Modulation of PpIX Fluorescence and Improved Glioma Visualization.Frontiers in surgery · 2019Article
- Augmentation of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Treatment of Glioblastoma by Adding Ciprofloxacin, Deferiprone, 5-Fluorouracil and Febuxostat: The CAALA Regimen.Brain sciences · 2018Article
- Optical Characterization of Neurosurgical Operating Microscopes: Quantitative Fluorescence and Assessment of PpIX Photobleaching.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Glioblastoma cells labeled by robust Raman tags for enhancing imaging contrast.Biomedical optics express · 2018Article
- Deep proteome investigation of high-grade gliomas reveals heterogeneity driving differential metabolism of 5-aminolevulinic acid.Neuro-oncology advancesArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
23 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fluorescence-guided surgery using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is now a widely-used modality for glioblastoma (GBM) treatment. However, intratumoral heterogeneity of fluorescence intensity may reflect different onco-metabolic programs. Here, we investigated the metabolic mechanism underlying the heterogeneity of 5-ALA fluorescence in GBM. Using an in-house developed fluorescence quantification system for tumor tissues, we collected 3 types of GBM tissues on the basis of their fluorescence intensity, which was characterized as strong, weak, and none. Expression profiling by RNA-sequencing revealed 77 genes with a proportional relationship and 509 genes with an inverse relationship between gene expression and fluorescence intensity. Functional analysis and in vitro experiments confirmed glutaminase 2 (GLS2) as a key gene associated with the fluorescence heterogeneity. Subsequent metabolite profiling discovered that insufficient NADPH due to GLS2 underexpression was responsible for the delayed metabolism of 5-ALA and accumulation of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in the high fluorescence area. The expression level of GLS2 and related NADPH production capacity is associated with the regional heterogeneity of 5-ALA fluorescence in GBM.
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