Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28939833›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2017

Phase and antigenic variation govern competition dynamics through positioning in bacterial colonies.

Robert Zöllner, Enno R Oldewurtel, Nadzeya Kouzel, Berenike Maier

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The role of extracellular DNA inJournal of bacteriology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Phenotypic Characterization ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  5. Microbiology spectrum · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Impact of crowding on the diversity of expanding populations.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Robert ZöllnerDepartment of Physics, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50539, Köln, Germany.
Enno R OldewurtelDepartment of Physics, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50539, Köln, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-2813-0259
Nadzeya KouzelDepartment of Physics, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50539, Köln, Germany.
Berenike MaierDepartment of Physics, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50539, Köln, Germany. berenike.maier@uni-koeln.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cellular positioning towards the surface of bacterial colonies and biofilms can enhance dispersal, provide a selective advantage due to increased nutrient and space availability, or shield interior cells from external stresses. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms that govern bacterial positioning. Using the type IV pilus (T4P) of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, we tested the hypothesis that the processes of phase and antigenic variation govern positioning and thus enhance bacterial fitness in expanding gonococcal colonies. By independently tuning growth rate and T4P-mediated interaction forces, we show that the loss of T4P and the subsequent segregation to the front confers a strong selective advantage. Sequencing of the major pilin gene of the spatially segregated sub-populations and an investigation of the spatio-temporal population dynamics was carried out. Our findings indicate that pilin phase and antigenic variation generate a standing variation of pilin sequences within the inoculation zone, while variants associated with a non-piliated phenotype segregate to the front of the growing colony. We conclude that tuning of attractive forces by phase and antigenic variation is a powerful mechanism for governing the dynamics of bacterial colonies.

Indexed as

Antigenic VariationBiofilmsFimbriae ProteinsGonorrheaHumansMutationNeisseria gonorrhoeaeFimbriae Proteins

Identifiers

PMID28939833
PMCPMC5610331

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.