Observational studyJournal of the American Heart Association2017
Resistant Hypertension, Time-Updated Blood Pressure Values and Renal Outcome in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Observational study in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evolving kidney disease phenotypes in type 2 diabetes: declining albuminuria and increasing isolated low eGFR.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Pathophysiological hallmarks in type 2 diabetes heterogeneity (review).Diabetology international · 2025Review
- A Study on Associations of Long Noncoding RNA HOTAIR Polymorphisms With Genetic Susceptibility to Chronic Kidney Disease.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2024Article
- Combine and Conquer: With Type 2 Diabetes Polypharmacy Is Essential Not Only to Achieve Glycemic Control but Also to Treat the Comorbidities and Stabilize or Slow the Advancement of Diabetic Nephropathy.Journal of diabetes research · 2022Review
- Association of blood pressure and long-term change with chronic kidney disease risk among Chinese adults with different glucose metabolism according to the 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2021Article
- Empagliflozin for Patients With Presumed Resistant Hypertension: A Post Hoc Analysis of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial.American journal of hypertension · 2020Article
- Blood pressure reduction and RAAS inhibition in diabetic kidney disease: therapeutic potentials and limitations.Journal of nephrology · 2020Review
- The effects of hypertension and diabetes on new-onset chronic kidney disease: A prospective cohort study.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2020Article
- We are far from achieving blood pressure goals in diabetes: Do we really want to do it?Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2019Article
- Natural history and risk factors for diabetic kidney disease in patients with T2D: lessons from the AMD-annals.Journal of nephrology · 2019Review
- Antihypertensive Treatment in Diabetic Kidney Disease: The Need for a Patient-Centered Approach.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Review
- J-shaped curve for cardiovascular mortality: systolic or diastolic blood pressure?Journal of nephrology · 2019Review
- Optimal Systolic Blood Pressure Target in Resistant and Non-Resistant Hypertension: A Pooled Analysis of Patient-Level Data from SPRINT and ACCORD.The American journal of medicine · 2018Article
- Antihypertensive treatment and renal protection: Is there a J-curve relationship?Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundApparent treatment resistant hypertension (aTRH) is highly prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and entails worse cardiovascular prognosis. The impact of aTRH and long-term achievement of recommended blood pressure (BP) values on renal outcome remains largely unknown. We assessed the role of aTRH and BP on the development of chronic kidney disease in patients with T2D and hypertension in real-life clinical practice. METHODS AND
resultsClinical records from a total of 29 923 patients with T2D and hypertension, with normal baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate and regular visits during a 4-year follow-up, were retrieved and analyzed. The association between time-updated BP control (ie, 75% of visits with BP <140/90 mm Hg) and the occurrence of estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 and/or a reduction ≥30% from baseline was assessed. At baseline, 17% of patients had aTRH. Over the 4-year follow-up, 19% developed low estimated glomerular filtration rate and 12% an estimated glomerular filtration rate reduction ≥30% from baseline. Patients with aTRH showed an increased risk of developing both renal outcomes (adjusted odds ratio, 1.31 and 1.43;
conclusionsATRH entails a worse renal prognosis in T2D with hypertension. BP control is not associated with a more-favorable renal outcome in aTRH. The relationship between time-updated BP and renal function seems to be J-shaped, with optimal systolic BP values between 120 and 140 mm Hg.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.