Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28939576›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2017

Is increasing urbanicity associated with changes in breastfeeding duration in rural India? An analysis of cross-sectional household data from the Andhra Pradesh children and parents study.

Laura Oakley, Christopher P Baker, Srivalli Addanki, Vipin Gupta, Gagandeep Kaur Walia, Aastha Aggarwal, Santhi Bhogadi, Bharati Kulkarni, Robin T Wilson, Dorairaj Prabhakaran and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Maternal Experiences during Pregnancy, Delivery, and Breastfeeding Practices: A Community-based Analytical Cross-sectional Study.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Laura OakleyDepartment of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene, London, UK.
Christopher P BakerDepartment of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene, London, UK.
Srivalli AddankiIndian Institute of Public Health, Hyderabad, India.
Vipin GuptaDepartment of Anthropology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
Gagandeep Kaur WaliaCentre for Control of Chronic Conditions, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India.
Aastha AggarwalCentre for Control of Chronic Conditions, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India.
Santhi BhogadiIndian Institute of Public Health, Hyderabad, India.
Bharati KulkarniNational Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India.
Robin T WilsonDepartment of Geography and Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Dorairaj PrabhakaranCentre for Control of Chronic Conditions, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India.
Yoav Ben-ShlomoSchool of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
George Davey SmithSchool of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
K V Radha KrishnaNational Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India.
Sanjay KinraDepartment of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene, London, UK.

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_UU_12013/1Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate whether village-level urbanicity and lower level socioeconomic factors are associated with breastfeeding practices in transitioning rural communities in India.

setting29 villages in Ranga Reddy district, southern India between 2011 and 2014.

participants7848 children under 6 years identified via a cross-sectional household survey conducted as part of the Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents Study. OUTCOME MEASURES: Two key indicators of optimal breastfeeding: termination of exclusive breastfeeding before 6 months and discontinuation of breastfeeding by 24 months. Village urbanicity was classified as low, medium or high according to satellite assessed night-light intensity.

resultsBreastfeeding initiation was almost universal, and approximately two in three children were exclusively breastfed to 6 months and a similar proportion breastfed to 24 months. Using multilevel logistic regression, increasing urbanicity was associated with breastfeeding discontinuation before 24 months (medium urbanicity OR 1.45, 95% CI 0.71 to 2.96; high urbanicity OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.45 to 6.05) but not with early (<6 months) termination of exclusive breastfeeding. Increased maternal education was independently associated with both measures of suboptimal breastfeeding, and higher household socioeconomic position was associated with early termination of exclusive breastfeeding.

conclusionIn this transitional Indian rural community, early stage urbanicity was associated with a shorter duration of breastfeeding. Closer surveillance of changes in breastfeeding practices alongside appropriate intervention strategies are recommended for emerging economies.

Indexed as

UrbanizationAdultBreast FeedingChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesFamily CharacteristicsFemaleHealth PromotionHumansIndiaInfantInfant, NewbornLogistic ModelsMaleMothersMultilevel Analysisnutrition & dieteticspublic healthsocial medicine

Identifiers

PMID28939576
PMCPMC5623574

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.