Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28938873›Full record

ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2017

Socially disadvantaged city districts show a higher incidence of acute ST-elevation myocardial infarctions with elevated cardiovascular risk factors and worse prognosis.

J Schmucker, S Seide, H Wienbergen, E Fiehn, J Stehmeier, K Günther, W Ahrens, R Hambrecht, H Pohlabeln, A Fach

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Impact of educational attainment on preventive efforts after myocardial infarction: results of the IPP and NET-IPP trials.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

J SchmuckerThe Bremer Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufforschung (BIHKF) am Klinikum Links der Weser, Bremen, Germany. Johannes.Schmucker@klinikum-bremen-ldw.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1775-5237
S SeideThe Bremer Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufforschung (BIHKF) am Klinikum Links der Weser, Bremen, Germany.
H WienbergenThe Bremer Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufforschung (BIHKF) am Klinikum Links der Weser, Bremen, Germany.
E FiehnThe Bremer Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufforschung (BIHKF) am Klinikum Links der Weser, Bremen, Germany.
J StehmeierThe Bremer Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufforschung (BIHKF) am Klinikum Links der Weser, Bremen, Germany.
K GüntherThe Leibniz-Institut für Präventionsforschung und Epidemiologie Bremen - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
W AhrensThe Leibniz-Institut für Präventionsforschung und Epidemiologie Bremen - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
R HambrechtThe Bremer Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufforschung (BIHKF) am Klinikum Links der Weser, Bremen, Germany.
H PohlabelnThe Leibniz-Institut für Präventionsforschung und Epidemiologie Bremen - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
A FachThe Bremer Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufforschung (BIHKF) am Klinikum Links der Weser, Bremen, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe importance of socioeconomic status (SES) for coronary heart disease (CHD)-morbidity is subject of ongoing scientific investigations. This study was to explore the association between SES in different city-districts of Bremen/Germany and incidence, severity, treatment modalities and prognosis for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarctions (STEMI).

methodsSince 2006 all STEMI-patients from the metropolitan area of Bremen are documented in the Bremen STEMI-registry. Utilizing postal codes of their home address they were assigned to four groups in accordance to the Bremen social deprivation-index (G1: high, G2: intermediate high, G3: intermediate low, G4: low socioeconomic status).

resultsThree thousand four hundred sixty-two consecutive patients with STEMI admitted between 2006 and 2015 entered analysis. City areas with low SES showed higher adjusted STEMI-incidence-rates (IR-ratio 1.56, G4 vs. G1). This elevation could be observed in both sexes (women IRR 1.63, men IRR 1.54) and was most prominent in inhabitants <50 yrs. of age (women IRR 2.18, men IRR 2.17). Smoking (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.3-2.4) and obesity (1.6, 95%CI 1.1-2.2) was more prevalent in pts. from low SES city-areas. While treatment-modalities did not differ, low SES was associated with more extensive STEMIs (creatine kinase > 3000 U/l, OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.4-2.8) and severe impairment of LV-function post-STEMI (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2-3.4). Long term follow-up revealed that lower SES was associated with higher major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular event (MACCE)-rates after 5 years: G1 30.8%, G2 35.7%, G3 36.0%, G4 41.1%, p (for trend) = 0.02. This worse prognosis could especially be shown for young STEMI-patients (<50 yrs. of age) 5-yr. mortality-rates(G4 vs. G1) 18.4 vs. 3.1%, p = 0.03 and 5-year-MACCE-rates (G4 vs. G1) 32 vs. 6.3%, p = 0.02.

conclusionsThis registry-data confirms the negative association of low socioeconomic status and STEMI-incidence, with higher rates of smoking and obesity, more extensive infarctions and worse prognosis for the socio-economically deprived.

Indexed as

Social ClassUrban PopulationVulnerable PopulationsAdolescentAdultAgedFemaleGermanyHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRegistriesRisk FactorsST Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Identifiers

PMID28938873
PMCPMC5610462

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.