ReviewOncotarget2017
Effectiveness and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in Oncotarget, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors across solid tumors: a meta-analysis of phase II-III randomized trials.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Prognostic value of programmed cell death ligand-1 expression in breast cancer: A meta-analysis.Medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Older melanoma patients aged 75 and above retain responsiveness to anti-PD1 therapy: results of a retrospective single-institution cohort study.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2018Trial
- Dendritic cell PD-L2 restrains intratumoral CD8bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Tumor-targeted aptamer-conjugated engineered bacteria for CXCL9 cytokine delivery in non-small cell lung cancer immunotherapy.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Interferon Regulatory Factor 2 (IRF2) Suppression Enhances Murine Cardiac Allograft Survival Through Immune Evasion.Immunology · 2026Article
- Nanomedicine targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in autoimmune diseases: breaking conventional barriers to restore immune tolerance.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- A Review of Neoadjuvant PD-1 Inhibitors in the Setting of Cutaneous Malignancies.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2025Review
- Article
- Methionine consumption by cancer cells drives a progressive upregulation of PD-1 expression in CD4 T cells.Nature communications · 2023Article
- The introduction of LAG-3 checkpoint blockade in melanoma: immunotherapy landscape beyond PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibition.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2023Review
- Evaluation of MMR Status and PD-L1 Expression Using Specimens Obtained by EUS-FNB in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC).Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The promising immune checkpoint LAG-3 in cancer immunotherapy: from basic research to clinical application.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Tumor-specific T cell-mediated upregulation of PD-L1 in myelodysplastic syndrome cells does not affect T-cell killing.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Clinical safety and efficacy of bispecific antibody in the treatment of solid tumors: A protocol for a systematic review.PloS one · 2022Article
- Macrophage and T-Cell Infiltration and Topographic Immune Cell Distribution in Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer of the Head and Neck.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Recurrent undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver in adult patient treated by pembrolizumab: A case report.World journal of clinical cases · 2021Article
- Combination Chemo-Immunotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer Using the Immunogenic Effects of an Irinotecan Silicasome Nanocarrier Plus Anti-PD-1.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2021Article
- Targeting PI3K, FGFR, CDK4/6 Signaling Pathways Together With Cytostatics and Radiotherapy in Two Medulloblastoma Cell Lines.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- A Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Patient With High Tumor Mutational Burden and RB1 Mutation Achieved Bladder Preservation Following Chemotherapy Combined With Immunotherapy: A Case Report.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have been implicated as potentially effective anti-cancer therapies. Some clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been completed for a variety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors to treat various malignancies, and more RCTs are still under way. We carried out this systematic meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of solid tumors.
methodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, clinical trial registers, conference reports, and related reviews. Eligible RCTs that compared PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with other chemotherapy agents or placebo in solid tumor patients were included. For each RCT, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), stable disease rate (SDR), progressive disease rate (PDR), and adverse events (AEs) were pooled for meta-analysis.
findingsBased on an analysis of 10 eligible RCTs, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors were found to significantly improve PFS (Hazard ratio (HR), 0.65; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53 to 0.79,
interpretationPD-1 inhibitors are more effective for improving the PFS, OS, and ORR of cancer patients with little toxicity, despite having little effect on increasing of the DCR.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.