ArticleScientific reports2017
Process signatures in glatiramer acetate synthesis: structural and functional relationships.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glatiramer Acetate Immunomodulation: Evidence of Neuroprotection and Cognitive Preservation.Cells · 2022Pooled it
- Reduced peripheral serotonin levels in women with multiple sclerosis: associations with underweight status, treatment duration, and use of interferon beta 1a.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
- An Ultrapotent, Ultraeconomical, Antifreeze Polypeptide.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Synthetic Antifreeze Glycoproteins with Potent Ice-Binding Activity.Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society · 2024Article
- Mirror Image Mucins and Thio Mucins with Tunable Biodegradation.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2023Article
- An Immunomodulatory Peptide Dendrimer Inspired from Glatiramer Acetate.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2021Article
- Demonstration of Equivalence of Generic Glatiramer Acetate and CopaxoneFrontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Sequencing Analysis and Identification of the Primary Peptide Component of the Dialyzable Leukocyte Extract "Transferon Oral": The Starting Point to Understand Its Mechanism of Action.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
- Report of the AAPS Guidance Forum on the FDA Draft Guidance for Industry: "Drug Products, Including Biological Products, that Contain Nanomaterials".The AAPS journal · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glatiramer Acetate (GA) is an immunomodulatory medicine approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, whose mechanisms of action are yet to be fully elucidated. GA is comprised of a complex mixture of polypeptides with different amino acid sequences and structures. The lack of sensible information about physicochemical characteristics of GA has contributed to its comprehensiveness complexity. Consequently, an unambiguous determination of distinctive attributes that define GA is of highest relevance towards dissecting its identity. Herein we conducted a study of characteristic GA heterogeneities throughout its manufacturing process (process signatures), revealing a strong impact of critical process parameters (CPPs) on the reactivity of amino acid precursors; reaction initiation and polymerization velocities; and peptide solubility, susceptibility to hydrolysis, and size-exclusion properties. Further, distinctive GA heterogeneities were correlated to defined immunological and toxicological profiles, revealing that GA possesses a unique repertoire of active constituents (epitopes) responsible of its immunological responses, whose modification lead to altered profiles. This novel approach established CPPs influence on intact GA peptide mixture, whose physicochemical identity cannot longer rely on reduced properties (based on complete or partial GA degradation), providing advanced knowledge on GA structural and functional relationships to ensure a consistent manufacturing of safe and effective products.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.