ReviewNature reviews. Drug discovery2018
Host-directed therapies for bacterial and viral infections.
Review in Nature reviews. Drug discovery, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 467 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
467 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Assessing Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies in Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Systematic Review of Efficacy and Safety.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Activity of Cyclophilin Inhibitors Against Coronaviruses: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Systemic cytokines drive conserved severity-associated myeloid responses across bacterial and viral infections.Communications biology · 2025Pooled it
- Therapeutics for Nipah virus disease: a systematic review to support prioritisation of drug candidates for clinical trials.The Lancet. Microbe · 2025Pooled it
- Isotopic tracing inVirulence · 2026Article
- scH16S-Seq Maps Klebsiella pneumoniae-Associated Myeloid States and Reveals a CD38-NAD Immunometabolic Axis That Impairs Lysosomal Acidification in Sepsis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Exploring the impact of nutrition and autophagy on infectious diseases to inform the development of homeostatic-nanomedicines for HIV-TB coinfections.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Special Issue "Antiviral Drugs Discovery".International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- TRIM21 blocks DDX3X-driven stress granule formation during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection via a non-canonical E3 ligase mechanism.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Host nucleolin-targeting unique peptide drugs as potent broad-spectrum anti-influenza therapies.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Carbon dots derived from natural medicines: Therapeutic advances and challenges.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2026Review
- Antigen-experienced airway CD8Science advances · 2026Article
- Marine-Derived Natural Products Against Flaviviruses: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Future Directions.Marine drugs · 2026Review
- Temporal Rewiring of Innate Immunity by Vector-Borne Viruses for Host-Directed Antiviral Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Repurposing ALK inhibitors as influenza and corona virus antivirals targeting lymphocyte tyrosine kinase (LTK).Virus research · 2026Article
- Hijacking the cytoskeleton: association of HCV polymerase with α/β-tubulin and its potential relation to the viral replication and cell proliferation.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Article
- Exploration of the protein and pharmacological landscape of monkeypox virus treatment: from entry point to end point.Molecular diversity · 2026Review
- The Pharmacology of Bacterial Persistence: From Antibiotic Tolerance to Antimicrobial Resistance.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Lung organoids and organ-on-a-chip models in respiratory disease research: advances, applications, and challenges.Respiratory research · 2026Review
407 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Despite the recent increase in the development of antivirals and antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance and the lack of broad-spectrum virus-targeting drugs are still important issues and additional alternative approaches to treat infectious diseases are urgently needed. Host-directed therapy (HDT) is an emerging approach in the field of anti-infectives. The strategy behind HDT is to interfere with host cell factors that are required by a pathogen for replication or persistence, to enhance protective immune responses against a pathogen, to reduce exacerbated inflammation and to balance immune reactivity at sites of pathology. Although HDTs encompassing interferons are well established for the treatment of chronic viral hepatitis, novel strategies aimed at the functional cure of persistent viral infections and the development of broad-spectrum antivirals against emerging viruses seem to be crucial. In chronic bacterial infections, such as tuberculosis, HDT strategies aim to enhance the antimicrobial activities of phagocytes and to curtail inflammation through interference with soluble factors (such as eicosanoids and cytokines) or cellular factors (such as co-stimulatory molecules). This Review describes current progress in the development of HDTs for viral and bacterial infections, including sepsis, and the challenges in bringing these new approaches to the clinic.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.