SynthesisJournal of the American College of Cardiology2017
Inferior Vena Cava Filters to Prevent Pulmonary Embolism: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 189 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of efficacy and safety of retrievable inferior vena caval filters.Thrombosis research · 2018Pooled it
- Hemopericardium and Cardiac Tamponade as a Complication of Vena Caval Filters: Systematic Review of the Published Literature and the MAUDE Database.Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/HemostasisPooled it
- Laser-Assisted Removal of Embedded Vena Cava Filters: A First-In-Human Escalation Trial in 500 Patients Refractory to High-Force Retrieval.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Trial
- Closed-loop protocol for inferior vena cava filter management significantly improves retrieval: a competing-risk analysis of a 10-year cohort.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Decreasing trend in prophylactic inferior vena cava filter usage: a retrospective analysis of Indications, patient profiles, and complications at a level 1 trauma center in the United States.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026Article
- Failed Retrieval of an Inferior Vena Cava Filter.Cureus · 2026Article
- Navigating Perioperative Anticoagulation Challenges in a Cancer Patient With Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- Quality Improvement of Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Neurological Surgery: Ochsner Health System Protocol.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Optimizing the management strategy for inferior vena cava filter.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- IVC Filters in Integrated Acute Pulmonary Embolism Management-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Identifying and addressing underuse in hematologic care through systems-based hematology.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2025Review
- Disparities in Current Pulmonary Embolism Management and Outcomes: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2025Review
- Trends and Predictors of Vena Cava Filter Use (2004-2023): A Swiss Nationwide Epidemiological Study.TH open : companion journal to thrombosis and haemostasis · 2025Article
- Correlation between anticoagulant initiation time and thrombolysis at 30 days after anticoagulation therapy in patients with pulmonary embolism.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Evidence, Innovation, and Horizons.Current cardiology reports · 2024Review
- Pregnancy-Related Thromboembolism-Current Challenges at the Emergency Department.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Multidisciplinary Approach to Pulmonary Embolism and the Role of the Pulmonary Embolism Response Team.Current cardiology reports · 2024Review
- Optimizing antithrombotic therapy in patients with coexisting cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disease.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2024Review
- Surgical removal of an inferior vena cava filter in the duodenum: A rare case report and literature review.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Inferior vena cava filter use at a large community hospital: a retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInferior vena cava (IVC) filters are widely used for prevention of pulmonary embolism (PE). However, uncertainty persists about their efficacy and safety.
objectivesThe authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published reports on the efficacy and safety of IVC filters.
methodsThe authors searched PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov through October 3, 2016, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or prospective controlled observational studies of IVC filters versus none in patients at risk of PE. Inverse variance fixed-effects models with odds ratio (OR) as the effect measure were used for primary analyses. Main outcomes included subsequent PE, PE-related mortality, all-cause mortality, and subsequent deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
resultsThe authors' search retrieved 1,986 studies, of which 11 met criteria for inclusion (6 RCTs and 5 prospective observational studies). Quality of evidence for RCTs was low to moderate. Overall, patients receiving IVC filters had lower risk for subsequent PE (OR: 0.50; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.33 to 0.75); increased risk for DVT (OR: 1.70; 95% CI: 1.17 to 2.48); nonsignificantly lower PE-related mortality (OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.25 to 1.05); and no change in all-cause mortality (OR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.70 to 1.19). Limiting the results to RCTs showed similar results. Findings were substantively similar across a wide range of sensitivity analyses.
conclusionsVery few prospective controlled studies, with limited quality of evidence, exist regarding the efficacy and safety of IVC filters. Overall, filters appear to reduce the risk of subsequent PE, increase the risk for DVT, and have no significant effect on overall mortality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.