ArticlePLoS pathogens2017
The risk of sustained sexual transmission of Zika is underestimated.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ecological specialization in vectors alters transmission thresholds and endemic dynamics in multi-host, multi-vector systems.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- A mouse model of Zika virus sexual transmission reveals a limited transmission window shorter than viral RNA persistence in semen.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Dynamic shift in the dominant transmission route of clade Ib monkeypox virus across networks with sexual and nonsexual contacts.Science advances · 2026Article
- Hotspot model shows how location-based superspreading accelerates and reshapes epidemics.PNAS nexus · 2025Article
- Robust antiviral innate immune response and miRNA regulatory network were identified in ZIKV-infected cells: implications in the pathogenesis of ZIKV infection.Virus genes · 2025Article
- Evidence of Zika virus circulation in human and livestock in Chad.Virus research · 2024Article
- Heterogeneity in network structure switches the dominant transmission mode of infectious diseases.PNAS nexus · 2023Article
- Gain without pain: Adaptation and increased virulence of Zika virus in vertebrate host without fitness cost in mosquito vector.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Article
- Interferon Epsilon Signaling Confers Attenuated Zika Replication in Human Vaginal Epithelial Cells.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Japanese encephalitis virus persists in the human reproductive epithelium and porcine reproductive tissues.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Knowing the unknown: The underestimation of monkeypox cases. Insights and implications from an integrative review of the literature.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Trade-offs between individual and ensemble forecasts of an emerging infectious disease.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Maternal Zika Virus (ZIKV) Infection following Vaginal Inoculation with ZIKV-Infected Semen in Timed-Pregnant Olive Baboons.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Snake Cathelicidin Derived Peptide Inhibits Zika Virus Infection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- On the front line: Health professionals and system preparedness for Zika virus in Peru.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2020Article
- Identifying high risk areas of Zika virus infection by meteorological factors in Colombia.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Low expression of RNA sensors impacts Zika virus infection in the lower female reproductive tract.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Prevalence and Incidence of Zika Virus Infection Among Household Contacts of Patients With Zika Virus Disease, Puerto Rico, 2016-2017.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Downgrading disease transmission risk estimates using terminal importations.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pathogens often follow more than one transmission route during outbreaks-from needle sharing plus sexual transmission of HIV to small droplet aerosol plus fomite transmission of influenza. Thus, controlling an infectious disease outbreak often requires characterizing the risk associated with multiple mechanisms of transmission. For example, during the Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa, weighing the relative importance of funeral versus health care worker transmission was essential to stopping disease spread. As a result, strategic policy decisions regarding interventions must rely on accurately characterizing risks associated with multiple transmission routes. The ongoing Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak challenges our conventional methodologies for translating case-counts into route-specific transmission risk. Critically, most approaches will fail to accurately estimate the risk of sustained sexual transmission of a pathogen that is primarily vectored by a mosquito-such as the risk of sustained sexual transmission of ZIKV. By computationally investigating a novel mathematical approach for multi-route pathogens, our results suggest that previous epidemic threshold estimates could under-estimate the risk of sustained sexual transmission by at least an order of magnitude. This result, coupled with emerging clinical, epidemiological, and experimental evidence for an increased risk of sexual transmission, would strongly support recent calls to classify ZIKV as a sexually transmitted infection.
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