ReviewDiseases (Basel, Switzerland)2017
Milk's Role as an Epigenetic Regulator in Health and Disease.
Review in Diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Are breast milk and serum irisin levels affected by the BMI and nutritional status? A prospective observational study.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Observational
- Milk derived extracellular vesicle uptake in human microglia regulates the DNA methylation machinery : Short title: milk-derived extracellular vesicles and the epigenetic machinery.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Dairy: Friend or Foe? Bovine Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Autoimmune Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Risk of Fat Mass- and Obesity-Associated Gene-Dependent Obesogenic Programming by Formula Feeding Compared to Breastfeeding.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Milk exosomal microRNA profiling identified miR-375 and miR-199-5p for regulation of immune response during subclinical mastitis of crossbred cattle.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Homogenization and thermal processing reduce the concentration of extracellular vesicles in bovine milk.Food science & nutrition · 2024Article
- Regulation of adipogenesis by exosomal milk miRNA.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2023Review
- Potential Pathogenic Impact of Cow's Milk Consumption and Bovine Milk-Derived Exosomal MicroRNAs in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Review
- Role of Hormones During Gestation and Early Development: Pathways Involved in Developmental Programming.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Article
- The role of breastfeeding in breast cancer prevention: a literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Native and engineered exosomes for inflammatory disease.Nano research · 2023Review
- Article
- Food Insecurity and Maternal Diet Influence Human Milk Composition between the Infant's Birth and 6 Months after Birth in Central-Africa.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Breast Milk: MicroRNA Contents and Potential Epigenetic Effects.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Health of the Newborn and Breastfeeding during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Literature Review.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2022Review
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Is Associated with Altered Abundance of Exosomal MicroRNAs in Human Milk.Clinical therapeutics · 2022Article
- Genetics, epigenetics and transgenerational transmission of obesity in children.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Comparison of porcine milk microRNA expression in milk exosomes versus whole swine milk and prediction of target genes.Archives animal breeding · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is the intention of this review to characterize milk's role as an epigenetic regulator in health and disease. Based on translational research, we identify milk as a major epigenetic modulator of gene expression of the milk recipient. Milk is presented as an epigenetic "doping system" of mammalian development. Milk exosome-derived micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) that target DNA methyltransferases are implicated to play the key role in the upregulation of developmental genes such as FTO, INS, and IGF1. In contrast to miRNA-deficient infant formula, breastfeeding via physiological miRNA transfer provides the appropriate signals for adequate epigenetic programming of the newborn infant. Whereas breastfeeding is restricted to the lactation period, continued consumption of cow's milk results in persistent epigenetic upregulation of genes critically involved in the development of diseases of civilization such as diabesity, neurodegeneration, and cancer. We hypothesize that the same miRNAs that epigenetically increase lactation, upregulate gene expression of the milk recipient via milk-derived miRNAs. It is of critical concern that persistent consumption of pasteurized cow's milk contaminates the human food chain with bovine miRNAs, that are identical to their human analogs. Commercial interest to enhance dairy lactation performance may further increase the epigenetic miRNA burden for the milk consumer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.