ArticleEuropean journal of dentistry
Correlation of environmental tobacco smoke to gingival pigmentation and salivary alpha amylase in young adults.
Article in European journal of dentistry. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of knowledge and esthetic perception regarding gingival pigmentation between students from different non-dentistry health profession programs.BMC medical education · 2025Article
- Article
- Marginal Bone Level Changes and Oral Health Impact Profile (14) Score of Smokers Treated by Mandibular Mini Implant Overdentures: A 5-Year Follow-up Study.European journal of dentistry · 2020Article
- Evaluation of Gingival Pigmentation and Related Factors on Former Smokers.Journal of oral & maxillofacial researchArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivePassive smoking leads to melanin pigmentation on gingiva. However, documentation of gingival pigmentation and salivary amylase activity in passive smokers relative to the duration of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), is incomplete and requires further investigation. Thus, this study aimed to assess effects of ETS exposure on gingival pigmentation in young adults. In addition, to correlate a number of years of exposure to an extent, the intensity of gingival pigmentation and salivary amylase activity. MATERIALS AND
methodsA total of 200 nonsmokers aged 18-35 years with a positive history of ETS exposure were recruited for the study. Duration and source of ETS were assessed using a questionnaire. Gingival pigmentation was assessed using gingival pigmentation index for the extent and Dummett oral pigmentation index for intensity. The skin color of all patients was also assessed. Pearson Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA was used to statistically analyze the data.
resultsNumber of years of exposure to passive smoking was highly significant to the extent and intensity of gingival pigmentation (
conclusionWithin limitations of this cross-sectional observational study, it was concluded that there was a strong correlation between ETS exposure and gingival pigmentation. Duration of exposure was significant to an extent, the intensity of pigmentation and salivary amylase activity.
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