Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28931936›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2017

Bite force in the horned frog (Ceratophrys cranwelli) with implications for extinct giant frogs.

A Kristopher Lappin, Sean C Wilcox, David J Moriarty, Stephanie A R Stoeppler, Susan E Evans, Marc E H Jones

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. New perspectives on head and neck allometry and ecomorphology in tetrapods.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Evolution of hyperossification expands skull diversity in frogs.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020
    Article
  11. The Better to Eat You With: Bite Force in the Naked Mole-Rat (Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2019
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

A Kristopher LappinBiological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, 91768, USA. aklappin@cpp.edu.
Sean C WilcoxBiological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, 91768, USA.
David J MoriartyBiological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, 91768, USA.
Stephanie A R StoepplerBiological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, 91768, USA.
Susan E EvansDepartment of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Marc E H JonesSchool of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-0146-9623

Funding

Howard Hughes Medical Institute
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Of the nearly 6,800 extant frog species, most have weak jaws that play only a minor role in prey capture. South American horned frogs (Ceratophrys) are a notable exception. Aggressive and able to consume vertebrates their own size, these "hopping heads" use a vice-like grip of their jaws to restrain and immobilize prey. Using a longitudinal experimental design, we quantified the ontogenetic profile of bite-force performance in post-metamorphic Ceratophrys cranwelli. Regression slopes indicate positive allometric scaling of bite force with reference to head and body size, results that concur with scaling patterns across a diversity of taxa, including fish and amniotes (lizards, tuatara, turtles, crocodylians, rodents). Our recovered scaling relationship suggests that exceptionally large individuals of a congener (C. aurita) and extinct giant frogs (Beelzebufo ampinga, Late Cretaceous of Madagascar) probably could bite with forces of 500 to 2200 N, comparable to medium to large-sized mammalian carnivores.

Indexed as

Bite ForceAnimalsAnuraBiometryBody SizeHeadMadagascar

Identifiers

PMID28931936
PMCPMC5607344

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.