ArticleJournal of the Royal Society, Interface2017
A computational multiscale agent-based model for simulating spatio-temporal tumour immune response to PD1 and PDL1 inhibition.
Article in Journal of the Royal Society, Interface, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers.
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94 citing papers in PubMed.
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- A hybrid multiscale model for predicting CAR-T therapy outcomes in solid tumors.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Immune Evasion in Prostate Cancer: Resolving the Cold Tumour Paradox via a Hybrid Discrete-Continuum Computational Framework.Biology · 2026Article
- Digital Twin models to address long-term treatment toxicities in children and young adults with cancer.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Review
- A hybrid PKPD agent-based model of the tumour immune interaction: effects of anti-cancer combination therapy.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2026Article
- Agent-based modeling of cellular dynamics in adoptive cell therapy.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Modelling Immune Dynamics in Locally Advanced MSI-H/dMMR Colorectal Cancer with Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab Treatment: From Differential Equations to an Agent-Based Framework.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2026Article
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- Multiscale mathematical model-informed reinforcement learning optimizes combination treatment scheduling in glioblastoma evolution.Science advances · 2025Article
- Systems biology successes and areas for opportunity in prostate cancer.Endocrine-related cancer · 2025Review
- Masters of adaptation: How cancer and immune cell plasticity mediates tumor progression.PLoS biology · 2025Review
- Evolutionary rescue model informs strategies for driving cancer cell populations to extinction.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Cellular automata modelling of leukaemic stem cell dynamics in acute myeloid leukaemia: insights into predictive outcomes and targeted therapies.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- Multiscale computational model predicts how environmental changes and treatments affect microvascular remodeling in fibrotic disease.PNAS nexus · 2025Article
- Agent-based modeling in cancer biomedicine: applications and tools for calibration and validation.Cancer biology & therapy · 2024Review
- Spatial organization and stochastic fluctuations of immune cells impact clinical responsiveness to immunotherapy in melanoma patients.PNAS nexus · 2024Article
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
When the immune system responds to tumour development, patterns of immune infiltrates emerge, highlighted by the expression of immune checkpoint-related molecules such as PDL1 on the surface of cancer cells. Such spatial heterogeneity carries information on intrinsic characteristics of the tumour lesion for individual patients, and thus is a potential source for biomarkers for anti-tumour therapeutics. We developed a systems biology multiscale agent-based model to capture the interactions between immune cells and cancer cells, and analysed the emergent global behaviour during tumour development and immunotherapy. Using this model, we are able to reproduce temporal dynamics of cytotoxic T cells and cancer cells during tumour progression, as well as three-dimensional spatial distributions of these cells. By varying the characteristics of the neoantigen profile of individual patients, such as mutational burden and antigen strength, a spectrum of pretreatment spatial patterns of PDL1 expression is generated in our simulations, resembling immuno-architectures obtained via immunohistochemistry from patient biopsies. By correlating these spatial characteristics with
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