ArticlePain2017
High levels of cerebrospinal fluid chemokines point to the presence of neuroinflammation in peripheral neuropathic pain: a cross-sectional study of 2 cohorts of patients compared with healthy controls.
Article in Pain, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05452915 (Fatigue in Chronic Pain - Cognitive Functions, Emotional Aspects, Biomarkers and Neuronal Correlates - a Descriptive Comparative Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 61 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Fatigue in Chronic Pain - Cognitive Functions, Emotional Aspects, Biomarkers and Neuronal Correlates - a Descriptive Comparative Study
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sexually Dimorphic Neuroimmune Pathways in Chronic Pain: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms.Biomolecules · 2026Pooled it
- Screening for Circulating Inflammatory Proteins Does Not Reveal Plasma Biomarkers of Constant Tinnitus.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2023Pooled it
- CGRP-provoked headache is associated with a neuroimmune signature in idiopathic intracranial hypertension.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Trial
- Pharmacological and transcutaneous auricular vagal targeting of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the trigeminal ganglion alleviates migraine-like behaviors.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- Moving Toward Objective Diagnosis in Fibromyalgia: Emerging Biomarkers and Digital Phenotyping Tools.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Biomarkers and Breakdowns: Neuroinflammatory Drivers Linking Sleep Disorders and Chronic Pain.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Inflammatory and Molecular Mechanisms of Adenomyosis Associated Pain: Insights from Multiple Analytic Approaches.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- Identifying potential inflammatory therapeutic targets and drug candidates in small fiber neuropathy: integrating Mendelian randomization, experimental validation, and deep learning.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Review
- Cholesterol metabolism and neuroinflammatory changes in a non-human primate spinal nerve ligation model.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Large-Scale Plasma Proteomics to Profile Pathways and Prognosis of Chronic Pain.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Article
- Decoding Fibromyalgia: Genetic Insights into Gut and Immune System Interactions.Journal of pain research · 2025Article
- Ultrasound-guided perineural intercostal autologous platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of chronic post-thoracotomy pain syndrome - A prospective case series.Interventional pain medicine · 2024Article
- Eleven neurology-related proteins measured in serum are positively correlated to the severity of diabetic neuropathy.Scientific reports · 2024Observational
- Interactions and Trends of Interleukins, PAI-1, CRP, and TNF-α in Inflammatory Responses during the Perioperative Period of Joint Arthroplasty: Implications for Pain Management-A Narrative Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- The role of cytokines and chemokines in the maintenance of chronic pain-a pilot study.Pain reports · 2024Article
- CC Chemokine Family Members' Modulation as a Novel Approach for Treating Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System Injury-A Review of Clinical and Experimental Findings.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Exploring common biomarkers of ischemic stroke and obstructive sleep apnea through bioinformatics analysis.PloS one · 2024Article
- Biomarkers in Pain.Biomedicines · 2023Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Animal models suggest that chemokines are important mediators in the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain. Indeed, these substances have been called "gliotransmitters," a term that illustrates the close interplay between glial cells and neurons in the context of neuroinflammation and pain. However, evidence in humans is scarce. The aim of the study was to determine a comprehensive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory profile of patients with neuropathic pain. Our hypothesis was that we would thereby find indications of a postulated on-going process of central neuroinflammation. Samples of CSF were collected from 2 cohorts of patients with neuropathic pain (n = 11 and n = 16, respectively) and healthy control subjects (n = 11). The samples were analyzed with a multiplex proximity extension assay in which 92 inflammation-related proteins were measured simultaneously (Proseek Multiplex Inflammation I; Olink Bioscience, Uppsala, Sweden). Univariate testing with control of false discovery rate, as well as orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, were used for statistical analyses. Levels of chemokines CXCL6, CXCL10, CCL8, CCL11, CCL23 in CSF, as well as protein LAPTGF-beta-1, were significantly higher in both neuropathic pain cohorts compared with healthy controls, pointing to neuroinflammation in patients. These 6 proteins were also major results in a recent similar study in patients with fibromyalgia. The findings need to be confirmed in larger cohorts, and the question of causality remains to be settled. Because it has been suggested that prevalent comorbidities to chronic pain (eg, depression, anxiety, poor sleep, and tiredness) also are associated with neuroinflammation, it will be important to determine whether neuroinflammation is a common mediator.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.