ArticleInternational journal of cancer2018
Histological subtypes of ovarian cancer associated with parity and breastfeeding in the prospective Million Women Study.
Article in International journal of cancer, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Family-Centred Breastfeeding Interventions to Improve Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nursing open · 2026Pooled it
- Age at last birth and risk of developing epithelial ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis.Bioscience reports · 2019Pooled it
- Prevalence, morphology and associated risk factors for cystic ovaries in companion guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus).The Veterinary record · 2026Article
- Podocalyxin may be down-regulated by progesterone in high grade serous ovarian cancer spheroids to increase responsiveness to carboplatin and NK cells.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Breastfeeding and subsequent risk of 24 types of maternal cancer: a cohort study of Chinese women.Nutrition journal · 2026Article
- Marriage and Cancer Risk: A Contemporary Population-Based Study Across Demographic Groups and Cancer Types.Cancer research communications · 2026Article
- Global epidemiology of ovarian cancer: patterns, trends, and risk factors.Cancer biology & medicine · 2026Review
- Hypertension as a Predictor of Ovarian Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Health science reports · 2026Review
- Hypertension and ovarian cancer risk: a meta-analysis of observational studies.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Review
- History of Breastfeeding in Relation to Circulating Inflammatory and Metabolic Biomarkers.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- AEG-1 expression analysis in epithelial ovarian carcinoma: Uncovering distinctions between high-grade and low-grade serous carcinoma.Molecular and clinical oncology · 2025Article
- Spectrum of Surgico-Pathological Factors and Lymph Node Metastasis among Epithelial Ovarian Cancers: Experience of a Single Tertiary Care Institution from India.South Asian journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Curvilinear incidence models for parity in the entire fertility range for cancers of the breast, ovary, and endometrium: A follow-up of the Norwegian 1960 Census.International journal of cancer · 2025Article
- The Application of Circulating Tumour DNA (ctDNA) in the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment Monitoring of Gynaecological and Breast Cancers (Review).Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Associations between Parity, History of Breastfeeding, and T-cell Profile of Ovarian Tumors.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Article
- Racial and ethnic differences in epithelial ovarian cancer risk: an analysis from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Global epidemiology of epithelial ovarian cancer.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2024Review
- Lifetime Duration of Breastfeeding and Cardiovascular Risk in Women With Type 2 Diabetes or a History of Gestational Diabetes: Findings From Two Large Prospective Cohorts.Diabetes care · 2024Article
- Paradigm Shift: A Comprehensive Review of Ovarian Cancer Management in an Era of Advancements.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Ovarian cancer risk is known to be reduced amongst women who have had children, but reported associations with breastfeeding are varied. Few studies have had sufficient power to explore reliably these associations by tumour histotype. In a prospective study of 1.1 million UK women, 8719 developed ovarian cancer during follow-up. Cox regression yielded adjusted relative risks (RRs) overall and by tumour histotype amongst women with different childbearing patterns. Nulliparous women had a 24% greater ovarian cancer risk than women with one child, with significant heterogeneity by histotype (p = 0.01). There was no significant increase in serous tumours, a modest increase in mucinous tumours, but a substantial increase in endometrioid (RR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.18-1.89) and clear-cell tumours (RR = 1.68, 1.29-2.20). Among parous women, each additional birth was associated with an overall 6% reduction in ovarian cancer risk; this association also varied by histotype (p = 0.0006), with the largest reduction in risk for clear-cell tumours (RR per birth = 0.75, 0.65-0.85, p < 0.001) and weak, if any, effect for endometrioid, high-grade serous, or mucinous tumours. We found little association with age at first or last birth. There was about a 10% risk reduction per 12-months breastfeeding (RR = 0.89, 0.84-0.94, p < 0.001), with no significant heterogeneity by histotype, but statistical power was limited. In this large prospective study, ovarian cancer risk associated with parity varied substantially by tumour histotype. Nulliparity was associated with a substantially greater overall risk than expected from the effect of a single birth, especially for clear cell and endometrioid tumours, perhaps suggesting that infertility is associated with these histotypes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.