ArticleFrontiers in human neuroscience2017
Individual Differences in Frequency and Topography of Slow and Fast Sleep Spindles.
Article in Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 115 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
115 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 204 citations in OpenAlex.
- Memory retention following acoustic stimulation in slow-wave sleep: a meta-analytic review of replicability and measurement quality.Frontiers in sleep · 2023Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Closed-Loop Feedback Techniques in Sleep Studies-Related Issues and Future Directions.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- A sleep schedule incorporating naps benefits the transformation of hierarchical knowledge.Sleep · 2022Trial
- Article
- Differences in Sleep Spindle Characteristics Between Children With Narcolepsy and Those With Other Causes of Subjective Sleepiness.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- The DYNAM-O Toolbox: Characterizing Individualized Neural Signatures in Sleep EEG.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Sleep Architecture and Risk-Taking in Adolescents and Young Adults: Independent Contributions of REM Sleep, Sigma Activity, and Morning Cortisol.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Theta oscillations tag episodic memories for sleep-dependent consolidation.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Fast sleep spindles as a potential prognostic marker of developmental outcome in infantile epileptic spasms syndrome.Epilepsia open · 2026Article
- Portable polysomnography-derived multi-domain EEG markers of anesthetic state transitions during propofol anesthesia for gastrointestinal endoscopy.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Observational
- Random auditory stimulation during sleep disturbs traveling slow waves and declarative memory.iScience · 2026Article
- Sleep-Related Respiratory Disruption is Associated with Altered Spindle Morphology and Poorer Attention in Children.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Nightmare disorder shows reduced slow oscillation-dominant spindle coupling in NREM sleep.Npj biological timing and sleep · 2026Article
- Differential Nap-To-Nap Stability of Sleep Spindles, Slow Waves, and their Temporal Coupling: An Exploratory Study.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- EEG Brain Rhythms During Resting-State Wakefulness and Sleep in Elderly Expert Meditators.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Trait-like individual signatures dominate sleep EEG over insomnia-specific features.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Biophysical modeling of thalamocortical circuit dynamics: species-specific insights into neural synchrony, sleep spindles, and circuit mechanisms.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2026Article
55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sleep spindles are transient oscillatory waveforms that occur during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep across widespread cortical areas. In humans, spindles can be classified as either slow or fast, but large individual differences in spindle frequency as well as methodological difficulties have hindered progress towards understanding their function. Using two nights of high-density electroencephalography recordings from 28 healthy individuals, we first characterize the individual variability of NREM spectra and demonstrate the difficulty of determining subject-specific spindle frequencies. We then introduce a novel spatial filtering approach that can reliably separate subject-specific spindle activity into slow and fast components that are stable across nights and across N2 and N3 sleep. We then proceed to provide detailed analyses of the topographical expression of individualized slow and fast spindle activity. Group-level analyses conform to known spatial properties of spindles, but also uncover novel differences between sleep stages and spindle classes. Moreover, subject-specific examinations reveal that individual topographies show considerable variability that is stable across nights. Finally, we demonstrate that topographical maps depend nontrivially on the spindle metric employed. In sum, our findings indicate that group-level approaches mask substantial individual variability of spindle dynamics, in both the spectral and spatial domains. We suggest that leveraging, rather than ignoring, such differences may prove useful to further our understanding of the physiology and functional role of sleep spindles.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.