Trial reportPsychoneuroendocrinology2017
Progesterone for smoking relapse prevention following delivery: A pilot, randomized, double-blind study.
Trial report in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Progesterone Increases Nicotine Withdrawal and Anxiety in Male but Not Female Smokers During Brief Abstinence.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Trial
- Effect of progesterone administration in male and female smokers on nicotine withdrawal and neural response to smoking cues: role of progesterone conversion to allopregnanolone.Biology of sex differences · 2022Trial
- Exogenous progesterone for smoking cessation in men and women: a pilot double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2019Trial
- Exploring hormonal influences on nicotine craving and use across the perinatal period: A prospective longitudinal study.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2026Article
- We must look beyond primary reinforcement to understand nicotine use in women.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2026Review
- Infant Caregiving as a Resilience Factor for Postpartum Substance Misuse: A Scoping Review.Adversity and resilience science · 2026Review
- Compliance and Satisfaction With a Protocol for Identifying Novel Targets to Support Postpartum Opioid Use Disorder Recovery: Prospective Cohort Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- A protocol for modifying progesterone to increase postpartum cigarette smoking abstinence and reduce secondhand smoke exposure in infants.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2024Article
- Prevention of postpartum methamphetamine use with micronized progesterone trial (PROMPT): A pilot randomized controlled trial protocol.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2024Article
- The role of neurosteroids in posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol use disorder: A review of 10 years of clinical literature and treatment implications.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2024Review
- Acceptability of Hormonal Contraceptives as a Smoking Cessation Aid for Women of Reproductive Age: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Article
- Therapeutics for Substance-Using Women: The Need to Elucidate Sex-Specific Targets for Better-Tailored Treatments.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2023Article
- Licit and illicit drug use across trimesters in pregnant women endorsing past-year substance use: Results from National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2009-2019).Archives of women's mental health · 2022Article
- Sex-specific effects of cigarette smoking on caudate and amygdala volume and resting-state functional connectivity.Brain imaging and behavior · 2021Article
- A Gender Perspective of Addictive Disorders.Current addiction reports · 2021Review
- Commentary on Tosun et al. (2019): Dynamic changes in sex hormones and smoking cessation.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2019Article
- Addiction and Dopamine: Sex Differences and Insights from Studies of Smoking.Current opinion in behavioral sciences · 2018Article
- Role of Exogenous Progesterone in the Treatment of Men and Women with Substance Use Disorders: A Narrative Review.CNS drugs · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionClose to half of women who were smokers prior to conception quit smoking in pregnancy, when endogenous progesterone levels are high. However, at least half resume pre-pregnancy smoking levels within weeks after delivery and when progesterone levels drop. The current pilot study tested the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of postpartum progesterone replacement in preventing relapse to smoking in postpartum women with a history of pre-pregnancy smoking.
methodsThis was an 8-week, double-blind, parallel, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial of 41 women with a history of pre-pregnancy smoking who achieved abstinence by 32 weeks of gestation. Immediately following delivery women were randomized to oral micronized progesterone (200mg twice daily) or placebo via computerized urn randomization program. The main outcome measures were descriptions of study feasibility: recruitment and retention. Secondary outcomes were 7-day point prevalence of abstinence at week 8, time to relapse and smoking cravings.
resultsThe trial was feasible with adequate randomization, 64% (41/64) of eligible women, and trial retention, 78% (32/41) completed the trial. Women taking progesterone were 1.8 times more likely to be abstinent during week 8 and took longer to relapse (10 vs. 4 weeks) compared to the placebo group, although these differences did not reach statistical significance. After adjusting for age and pre-quit smoking level, the number needed to treat was 7. There was a 10% greater decline per week in craving ratings in the progesterone group compared to placebo (β=-0.10, 95% CI: -0.15, -0.04, p<0.01). No serious adverse events occurred during the trial.
conclusionsThese preliminary findings support the promise of progesterone treatment in postpartum smokers and could constitute a therapeutic breakthrough.If these preliminary findings can be evaluated and replicated in a larger study with sufficient power, this may constitute an acceptable and safe smoking relapse prevention strategy for use during lactation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.