Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28926481›Full record

SynthesisThe Journal of head trauma rehabilitation

Disparities in Health Care Utilization of Adults With Traumatic Brain Injuries Are Related to Insurance, Race, and Ethnicity: A Systematic Review.

Shiyao Gao, Raj G Kumar, Stephen R Wisniewski, Anthony Fabio

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Outpatient Follow-up After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury at an Urban Safety Net Hospital: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2025
    Article
  10. Observational
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Shiyao GaoEpidemiology Data Center (Ms Gao and Drs Wisniewski and Fabio) and Departments of Epidemiology and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Mr Kumar), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Raj G Kumar
Stephen R Wisniewski
Anthony Fabio

Funding

Disruptive Behavior Disorders in Children after Severe TBI: Family and Neighborhood ContextR21NS099546 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI FABIO, ANTHONY · 2017 to 2018
$425k
NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS099546
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo characterize racial/ethnic and insurance disparities in the utilization of healthcare services among US adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

methodsThe PubMed database was used to search for articles that directly examined the association between race/ethnicity and insurance disparities and healthcare utilization among patients with TBI. Eleven articles that met the criteria and were published between June 2011 and June 2016 were finally included in the review.

resultsLack of insurance was significantly associated with decreased use of inhospital and posthospital healthcare services among patients with TBI. However, mixed results were reported for the associations between insurance types and healthcare utilization. The majority of studies reported that racial/ethnic minorities were less likely to use inhospital and posthospital healthcare services, while some studies did not indicate any significant relation between race/ethnicity and healthcare utilization among patients with TBI.

conclusionsThis review provides evidence of a relation between insurance status and healthcare utilization among US adults with TBI. Insurance status may also account for some portion of the relation between race/ethnicity and healthcare utilization.

Indexed as

Outcome Assessment, Health CareAdultAgedBrain Injuries, TraumaticFemaleHealthcare DisparitiesHumansIncidenceInsurance CoverageMaleMiddle AgedNeeds AssessmentPatient Acceptance of Health CareRisk AssessmentSocioeconomic FactorsUnited States

Identifiers

PMID28926481
PMCPMC5857393

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.