ArticleInternational journal of obesity (2005)2018
Prenatal antimicrobial use and early-childhood body mass index.
Article in International journal of obesity (2005), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence of systemic antibacterial use during pregnancy worldwide: A systematic review.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Early and frequent exposure to antibiotics in children and the risk of obesity: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.F1000Research · 2020Pooled it
- Feasibility of a Food Delivery Intervention during Pregnancy in a Rural US Population: The PEAPOD Pilot Study.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Early-Life β-Lactam Exposure and the Developing Microbiome: Clinical Relevance and Controversies.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Early Roots of Childhood Obesity: Risk Factors, Mechanisms, and Prevention Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Effect of maternal exposure to antibiotics during pregnancy on the neonatal intestinal microbiome and health.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Antibiotic Exposure and Childhood Overweight/Obesity: Evidence from Epidemiological and Experimental Studies.Current pharmaceutical design · 2025Review
- Prenatal and Perinatal Antibiotic Exposure and Long-Term Outcome.Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition · 2023Review
- Association between prenatal antimicrobial use and offspring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.PloS one · 2023Article
- The impact of early-life antibiotics and probiotics on gut microbial ecology and infant health outcomes: a Pregnancy and Birth Cohort in Northwest China (PBCC) study protocol.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Article
- Effect of exposure to antibiotics on the gut microbiome and biochemical indexes of pregnant women.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2021Article
- Association between the use of antibiotics during pregnancy and obesity in 5-year-old children.Translational pediatrics · 2021Article
- Brown Adipose Tissue: New Challenges for Prevention of Childhood Obesity. A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Sex-specific associations between prenatal antibiotics exposure and offspring's body mass index.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2020Article
- Exposure to group B Streptococcal antibiotic prophylaxis and early childhood body mass index in a vaginal birth cohort.The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians · 2020Article
- Maternal antibiotic use and vaginal infections in the third trimester of pregnancy and the risk of obesity in preschool children.Pediatric obesity · 2020Article
- Maternal infection and antibiotic use in pregnancy and the risk of childhood obesity in offspring: a birth cohort study.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2020Article
- Microbiome-immune-metabolic axis in the epidemic of childhood obesity: Evidence and opportunities.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2020Review
- Childhood inflammatory and metabolic disease following exposure to antibiotics in pregnancy, antenatally, intrapartum and neonatally.F1000Research · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesGrowing evidence suggests that antibiotic use is associated with childhood body mass index (BMI), potentially via mechanisms mediated by gut microbiome alterations. Less is known on the potential role of prenatal antimicrobial use in offspring obesity risk. We examined whether prenatal antibiotic or antifungal use was associated with BMI at the age of 2 years in 527 birth cohort participants. METHODS/SUBJECTS: Antimicrobial use was obtained from the prenatal medical record. Height and weight were measured at the age of 2 years. Overweight/obesity was defined as a BMI ⩾85
resultsA total of 303 (57.5%) women used antibiotics and 101 (19.2%) used antifungals during pregnancy. Prenatal antifungal use was not associated with child BMI at the age of 2 years. In the fully adjusted model, prenatal antibiotic use was associated with a 0.20±0.10 (P=0.046) higher mean BMI Z-score at the age of 2 years. Associations between prenatal antibiotic use and childhood BMI varied by trimester of exposure, with first or second-trimester exposure more strongly associated with larger BMI at the age of 2 years for both BMI Z-score (interaction P=0.032) and overweight/obesity (interaction P=0.098) after covariate adjustment.
conclusionsPrenatal antibiotic, but not antifungal, use is associated with larger BMI at the age of 2 years; associations were stronger for antibiotic exposures in earlier trimesters. Future studies examining whether these associations are due to alterations in the maternal and/or infant microbiome are necessary. Children who are overweight at the age of 2 years are at higher risk for being overweight as they age; prenatal antibiotic use is a potentially modifiable exposure that could reduce childhood obesity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.