Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28923949›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2017

Cytosine deamination and base excision repair cause R-loop-induced CAG repeat fragility and instability in

Xiaofeng A Su, Catherine H Freudenreich

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
73citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

73 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. The novel (TCTG)Human genomics · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. 3A or not 3A: Cytidine deaminases in the etiology of the CAG-repeat expansion diseases.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  16. APOBEC3A deaminates CTG hairpin loops to promote fragility and instability of expanded CAG/CTG repeats.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Mechanisms underlining R-loop biology and implications for human disease.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Association of R-loop binding proteins with prognosis and anti-tumor drug sensitivity in lung adenocarcinoma: a bioinfor-matic study.Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2024
    Article

13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xiaofeng A SuDepartment of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155.
Catherine H FreudenreichDepartment of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155; catherine.freudenreich@tufts.edu.
Tufts University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

CAG/CTG repeats are structure-forming repetitive DNA sequences, and expansion beyond a threshold of ∼35 CAG repeats is the cause of several human diseases. Expanded CAG repeats are prone to breakage, and repair of the breaks can cause repeat contractions and expansions. In this study, we found that cotranscriptional R-loops formed at a CAG-70 repeat inserted into a yeast chromosome. R-loops were further elevated upon deletion of yeast RNaseH genes and caused repeat fragility. A significant increase in CAG repeat contractions was also observed, consistent with previous human cell studies. Deletion of yeast cytosine deaminase Fcy1 significantly decreased the rate of CAG repeat fragility and contractions in the

Indexed as

DNA RepairGenomic InstabilityTrinucleotide RepeatsCytosineDeaminationDNA, FungalSaccharomyces cerevisiaeSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsCytosineDNA, FungalSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsCAG repeat instabilitychromosome fragilityFcy1 cytosine deaminaseMlh1/Mlh3R-loop

Identifiers

PMID28923949
PMCPMC5635916
OpenAlexW2754029001

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.